The 2026 International Nuclear Science and Technology Conference (INST2026)

Jul 13, 2026, 12:00 AM → Jul 14, 2026, 6:00 PM Asia/Bangkok

Vibhavadi Ballroom B (Centara Grand at Central Plaza Ladprao)

Updates: 

1 June: Registration is now open. Please follow the instructions from the side menu.

Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) invites you to INST2026, held 13-14 July 2026, in Bangkok, Thailand, at Centara Grand at Central Plaza Ladprao.

INST2026 brings together researchers, regulators, clinicians, engineers, and industry practitioners working across medical applications, nuclear energy systems, agriculture, environmental monitoring, safeguards, and accelerator science, under the theme Nuclear science to support green technology for sustainable living.

The 2026 International Nuclear Science and Technology Conference is a premier scientific gathering focused on This event brings together distinguished researchers, engineers, industry experts, and policymakers from around the globe to share the latest innovations and discoveries in the field. 

Join us in Bangkok to shape the future of nuclear science and technology. We look forward to welcoming you!

Contact us: [email protected] 



 

 

Mon, July 13

7:00 AM → 8:00 AM Registration and Exhibition

8:00 AM → 10:15 AM Opening Ceremony

10:15 AM → 11:00 AM Coffee break

11:00 AM → 11:30 AM Keynote Lecture

11:30 AM → 1:00 PM Lunch

1:00 PM → 1:55 PM Plenary Session I: Medical & Health Sciences

1:00 PM The Landscape of the Theranostic Radiopharmaceuticals in Thailand

Nuclear medicine is particularly one of the medical radiology fields apart from diagnostic radiology and radiation oncology. Radiopharmaceuticals (RPs) have been utilised for either diagnosis or therapeutic purposes depended on type of radionuclides. Meanwhile, theranostic RPs offer the pairing of targeted diagnostic radionuclides with high-energy therapeutic radioisotopes to treat diseases at the cellular level. In the era of precision medicine, therefore, theranostic RPs has been increasingly used due to they play the significant role as an option to treat cancers, namely targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT), with proven clinical efficacy especially for the neuroendocrine tumours (NETs) and prostate cancer. As a result, in the last decade clinical transformation from traditional oncology treatment to modern cancer management is rapid undergoing. In Thailand, there are several highlights of the Thai healthcare ecosystem that are able to enhance implementing theranostic RPs into the clinical service. For instance, world-class clinical infrastructure in both public and private sectors as well as advanced molecular imaging hardware. On the other hand, the systemic challenges to adopt theranostic RPs are still remained. The availability of therapeutic radionuclides is massively dependent upon the global supply chain. Besides, the complex regulation and restricted reimbursement are considered issues. Recently, Thailand is actively preparing for the treatment paradigm shift from beta-emitting radionuclides to alpha-emitting radionuclides as a targeted alpha therapy (TAT). According to this overview, Thailand’s structural readiness should demonstrate potential as Southeast Asia medical hub for self-pay medical tourism for TRT.

Speaker: Dr Putthiporn Charoenphun (Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University)

1:25 PM Conventional and novel applications of MeV ion microbeams in biology

MeV ion microprobes are based on forming beams of MeV ions with small spot sizes of < 22 nm to 100 µm. Ion microprobes have a remarkably wide range of applications because they allow samples of most materials to be imaged and modified. Biological matter is a very broad and important class of materials. This overview presentation demonstrates the capabilities for biomedical studies and potential use in unique ways in Thailand.

Elemental imaging with Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE) can be used identify changes in trace element distributions in disease and incorporation of toxic environmental elements. Recently, we developed a technique that combines simultaneous Elastic Backscattering Spectrometry and Off-axis Scanning Transmission Ion Microscopy for determination of the true and physiologically meaningful elemental concentrations in ex vivo tissue.

MeV ions follow a nearly straight path as they penetrate materials and using a MeV ion microprobe, they can be used to lithographically write patterns of narrow channels and straight vertical sidewalls. These can be used as tools for biomedical microanalysis such as immunological characterisation of chronic-phase infections where copy numbers are low.

Simulation of space charged particles effects in biological and electronic devices is critical for long duration space missions. By using the expansion of a focused ion beam behind the conjugate point, highly uniform ion fluxes with low-dose rates representative of the space environment can be obtained. This enables the effects of the dominating space proton flux on cell cultures to be efficiently and rapidly investigated in the laboratory.

Speaker: Prof. Harry J Whitlow (Tandem Laboratory, Uppsala University, Sweden)

1:40 PM Investigating physical dose–biological response relationships in proton spatially fractionated radiotherapy: an in vitro study

Spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) delivers highly heterogeneous dose distributions that may enhance tumor control while minimizing normal tissue toxicity. Proton SFRT has gained interest due to the finite range and reduced exit dose of proton beams; however, its radiobiological response remains unclear. This study aimed to establish a proton SFRT model using A549 human lung carcinoma cells, a common in vitro lung cancer model, and to compare measured survival with predicted survival based on spatial dose distributions. Three SFRT irradiation plans were implemented using a 70 MeV proton beam to deliver a 5-Gy peak dose: two spots with one-spot spacing, two spots with two-spot spacing, and a nine-spot grid pattern. This peak dose was selected because it allowed measurable survival after uniform irradiation for comparison with SFRT. The surviving fraction (SF) was assessed using a clonogenic assay. Reference survival data from uniform irradiation were used to calculate the expected surviving fraction (ESF) by mapping measured SFRT dose distributions to the uniform survival response. Uniform irradiation resulted in an SF of 0.13±0.05. The two-spot plans with one- and two-spot spacing yielded SFs of 0.87±0.09 and 0.91±0.09, with ESF values of 0.86 and 0.84, respectively, while the nine-spot grid yielded an SF of 0.49±0.01 with an ESF of 0.47. Measured SFs were slightly higher than ESF predictions, indicating a discrepancy between dose-predicted and observed survival. This study supports the feasibility of the in vitro proton SFRT model and indicates the need for biological validation and grid optimization.

Speaker: Ms Pharewa Karoon (Medical Physics Program, Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand)

1:55 PM → 3:05 PM Plenary Session II: Environment & Hydrology

1:55 PM Effect of a Simulated Oil Spill on Primary Production and Marine Phytoplankton Community

This research simulated an oil spill incident from an underwater oil pipeline in Rayong Bay on January 25, 2022. Since there are many limitations in accessing data during an oil spill, the data obtained from the experiment can be used to assess the impact during a real-world situation. The research aims to study the effect of oil spill on primary production and marine phytoplankton community. The researchers studied the primary production using dark and light bottles of the carbon-13 isotope method and the dissolved-oxygen method, the chlorophyll a content, the large (>20 micron) and small (<20 micron) sizes of phytoplankton communities, and physical factors. The studies used the Water Accommodated Fraction (WAF) of crude oil at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the oil spill incident, conducted at 4, 24, 72 and 120 hours in two seasons. The results showed that the primary production of both sizes of phytoplankton decreased during 4 and 24 hours with increasing oil concentration, then it increased during 72 and 120 hours with varying oil concentrations, which were consistent with the chlorophyll a content. It was also found that the phytoplankton communities of both sizes had changed from the control. A significant increase was observed in only one dominant diatom genus, Chaetoceros sp., and an initial increase in small dinoflagellates during the early incubation time.

Speaker: Dr Sutaporn Bunyajetpong (Chulalongkorn University)

2:20 PM Contribution of Radiation Processing to Solve Plastics Pollution

Plastic pollution represents one of the most critical environmental crises of our time, driving an urgent need for advanced, scalable, and sustainable recycling technologies. Conventional mechanical and chemical recycling methods often face limitations due to high energy demands, degradation of material quality, and the complexity of sorting mixed polymer streams. This presentation explores the significant contribution of radiation processing—utilizing ionizing radiation such as gamma rays and electron beams—as a highly effective, eco-friendly solution to overcome these bottlenecks. By inducing radiation oxidation, radiation technology enables upcycling of polymeric waste into high-performance materials like wood-plastic composites. Ultimately, this presentation highlights how integrating radiation science into waste management frameworks can accelerate the transition toward a sustainable circular economy for plastics.

Speaker: Dr Tita Puspitasari (BRIN)

2:35 PM Isotopic Techniques Applied in Water Resources Management

Under the pressure of rapid population growth and climate change, clean water resources in the Southeast Asian region are steadily reduced in quantity and deteriorated in quality. The problem of properly managing clean water resources to supply the population with enough quantity and good quality is of great concern to not only scientists but also managers in the region. Isotopic techniques have been proven to be powerful tools in hydrological and hydrogeological investigations that could assist in better management of clean water resources.

In this presentation, the following issues on the use of isotopic techniques for better water resources management are discussed.

A. Groundwater resource issues
- Surface and groundwater interaction assessment based on water stable isotopic signatures (δ²H and δ¹⁸O);
- Assessment of groundwater recharge areas based on δ¹⁸O in precipitation and groundwater;
- Estimation of recharge rate using tritium (³H) activity profile along depth;
- Assessment of groundwater flow direction using ¹⁴C activity in DIC;
B. Water quality issues
- Sourcing N- and SO₄-nutrients based on δ¹⁵N(NH₄), δ¹⁵N(NO₃), δ¹⁸O(NO₃), δ³⁴S(SO₄), and δ¹⁸O(SO₄);
- Salt intrusion assessment based on water stable isotopic signatures and groundwater chemistry;
- Inter-aquifer leakage assessment based on isotopic signatures in water from different aquifers.

Case studies in Vietnam are integrated with each issue presented. A collaborative research project between VINATOM and TINT, in consultation with the Mekong River Commission, on Mekong River water quality using nitrogen isotopes is suggested.

Speaker: Dr Duc Nhan Dang (Vietnam Atomic Energy Institute)

2:50 PM Rapid Adsorption and Light-Enhanced Dye Removal by Carbon Dots: Insights into Interfacial Interaction and Colloidal Behavior

Carbon dots (CDs) synthesized from water hyacinth via gamma irradiation were investigated for dye removal, focusing on the interplay between adsorption, photocatalysis, and colloidal behavior. CDs exhibited rapid interaction with cationic dyes due to their negatively charged, oxygen-rich surface. Methylene blue (MB) removal was significantly enhanced under light, indicating a synergistic adsorption–photocatalytic mechanism. In contrast, neutral red (NR) showed negligible light response, confirming adsorption-dominated behavior. Adsorption followed a linear (Henry-type) isotherm within the studied range, suggesting a partition-controlled process without site saturation. Dynamic light scattering and zeta potential analyses revealed that dye removal was coupled with colloidal evolution, including aggregation and subsequent sedimentation of dye–CD complexes. These findings demonstrate that CD-mediated dye removal is governed by a multi-mechanistic pathway and is strongly dye-dependent, highlighting the importance of interfacial interactions and colloidal stability in determining removal efficiency.

Speaker: Dr Tanagorn Sangtawesin (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) Headquarters 9/9 Moo 7, Sai Mun, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok 26120)

3:05 PM → 4:20 PM Poster Session I (AGR/NES/OTH)

3:05 PM Achieving Practical Application Using a Neutron Imaging Facility at TRR-1/M1

Neutron imaging (NI) is a powerful non-destructive technique for investigating internal structures and material behavior, particularly in hydrogen-rich and composite materials. This study presents the current status and applications of the NI facility at the TRR-1/M1 research reactor in Thailand. The facility operates at 1 MW with a tangential beamline, delivering a neutron flux of approximately 1×10⁵ n/cm²·s at the sample position. Despite its relatively low flux compared to large-scale facilities, it effectively supports diverse research and educational activities.
Applications span multiple domains. In material research, NI was used to evaluate thermal neutron shielding performance of natural rubber-based composites, including Gd₂O₃/NR, borax/NR, and BaCO₃/NR, enabling visualization of internal structure and attenuation behavior for developing flexible, lead-free shielding. In cultural heritage studies, neutron radiography and tomography revealed internal features of artifacts such as a brass Buddha statue and multi-layered objects, allowing identification of hidden structures and defects without disassembly. Outreach activities included time-series imaging of mung bean germination to demonstrate moisture transport and early plant growth.
Recent upgrades, including improved gamma shielding and enhanced sample positioning systems, have increased operational safety and imaging stability. Collaborative programs with universities further expand utilization and interdisciplinary research.
This work demonstrates that even with limited neutron flux, a reactor-based NI facility can deliver significant scientific, industrial, and educational value through application-driven research, facility optimization, and strong collaboration networks.

Speaker: Mr Weerawat Pornroongruengchok (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

3:05 PM An exploratory approach to differentiate Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice from different regions based on elemental composition analyzed by ICP-MS

Thai Hom Mali rice is a high-value product in global markets and is vulnerable to adulteration through mislabeling or blending with lower-quality rice. Reliable methods for verifying its geographical origin are therefore essential.
This study evaluates elemental composition for the geographical authentication of Khao Dawk Mali 105 rice. The elemental profile reflects the soil of cultivation and can serve as a geographic fingerprint. A total of 143 samples were collected from northern and northeastern Thailand. Concentrations of six elements (Rb, Sr, Mo, Mg, P, and K) were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), followed by statistical analysis using Analyse-it software. Scatter plots and Spearman’s rank correlation showed significant associations among elemental pairs (p < 0.0001). Principal component analysis (PCA) indicated that the first two components explained 64.0% of the total variance. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) identified key interrelated elements (Rb, Mo, Mg, P, and K) with high communality values, supporting their role in sample differentiation.
For international comparison, samples from Roi Et (Thailand, n = 11), China, India, and Vietnam (n = 5 each), along with four unknown retail samples, were analyzed. Eight elements were evaluated and visualized using a two-dimensional PCA biplot, explaining 86.5% of the variance. The results indicated that retail samples labeled as Thai Hom Mali rice were most likely of Vietnamese origin.
These findings demonstrate that elemental profiling combined with multivariate analysis is an effective approach for geographical authentication and preventing rice adulteration.

Speaker: Ms Wiranee Sriwiang

3:05 PM Antioxidant and Potential Radioprotective Properties of Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) Extracts from Different Fruit Parts

Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) is a tropical fruit known for its unique organosulfur compounds and potential bioactivities. This study aimed to evaluate the antioxidant capacity and preliminary radioprotective effects of extracts derived from different parts of durian fruit, including peel, pulp, and seed. Antioxidant activities were assessed using DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays, while phytochemical contents were determined in terms of total flavonoid and total phenolic contents using quercetin and gallic acid as standards, respectively. The results demonstrated that antioxidant activity was assay-dependent. Peel extract exhibited the strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 6.94 ± 0.44 mg/mL), whereas seed extract showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 4.14 ± 0.28 mg/mL) and reducing power in the FRAP assay. Phytochemical analysis revealed that peel extract contained the highest flavonoid content, while seed extract had the highest phenolic content, which may contribute to their respective antioxidant behaviors. Cytotoxicity and radioprotective potential were evaluated using L929 fibroblast cells via the MTT assay. All extracts exhibited acceptable cell viability within the tested concentration range. Notably, treatment with durian extracts, particularly seed extract, tended to maintain or enhance cell viability following gamma irradiation at doses of 4 and 10 Gy, suggesting a potential protective effect against radiation-induced cellular damage. In conclusion, different parts of durian fruit exhibit distinct antioxidant profiles and demonstrate preliminary radioprotective potential. These findings highlight the potential application of durian-derived extracts as natural sources of bioactive compounds for radiation protection, warranting further investigation into their mechanisms of action.

Speaker: Dr Ridthee Meesat (Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand)

3:05 PM Authentication of Farm-Raised vs. Wild-Caught Black Tiger Prawns in Thailand using Stable Isotope Ratios and Portable EDXRF Analysis

Food adulteration is a significant global challenge, particularly where products are misrepresented to capitalize on high market demand. A notable example is Thai Hom Mali (Thai Jasmine) rice, which is frequently blended with inferior varieties or falsely labeled. Such practices can severely compromise exports, as importing countries increasingly implement more stringent inspection protocols. Establishing food traceability ensures that consumers receive high-quality, safe products while simultaneously mitigating technical barriers to trade. Currently, advanced techniques such as Stable Isotope Ratio Analysis (SIRA) and elemental analysis, integrated with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), are employed to verify geographical origin and food authenticity.

This study aims to differentiate between farm-raised and wild-caught Black Tiger Prawns (Penaeus monodon) from the Gulf of Thailand. The experimental procedure involved removing the heads, shells, and digestive tracts, followed by dehydration at a temperature not exceeding 60°C for 48 hours and subsequent pulverization. The samples were then analyzed using two primary techniques: Stable Isotope Analysis of carbon ($\delta^{13}\text{C}$) and nitrogen ($\delta^{15}\text{N}$), and elemental analysis via a handheld Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) spectrometer. This research serves as a foundational step in establishing a "Food Identity" for Thailand, ensuring domestic food safety and bolstering the competitiveness of Thai exports in the global market.

Speaker: Mr Chakrit Saengkorakot (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand)

3:05 PM Building Communication Readiness for Nuclear Professionals through Experiential Training: Evidence from the Role-Play Interactive Nuclear Communication (RINC) Project at TINT

Nuclear professionals are increasingly expected to communicate directly with the public on complex and often controversial topics, including nuclear power deployment, radiation risk, waste management, and emergency response. However, formal communication training is rarely part of technical career paths. This study introduces the Role-play Interactive Nuclear Communication (RINC) project, a pilot program developed at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) to fill this gap. RINC included 27 participants from diverse technical and support roles at TINT and was conducted through three structured workshops in 2025. Each workshop was built around a realistic communication scenario: introducing radiation-processed agricultural products to local communities, addressing public concerns regarding nuclear power plant development, and communicating during a radiological emergency. Participants rotated through roles as communicators, audience members, and observers, followed by facilitated discussion and peer feedback. The training design draws on established concepts from Wilbur Schramm’s interactive communication model and David Kolb’s experiential learning cycle. To evaluate the program, researchers used pre- and post-workshop surveys along with in-session peer assessment. Participants reported increased confidence in all six areas measured, with increases ranging from 13.6% to 28.0%. 73% of participants noted overall improvement. Peer feedback showed consistent progress in message clarity, audience engagement, and responsiveness throughout the role-play rounds. Although this study is limited by its small sample size, single-institution setting, and dependence on self-reported data, it shows that structured role-play is a practical and replicable approach to building communication competence among nuclear professionals.

Speaker: Worada Jarupoonphol

3:05 PM Characterization of Aroma Profile Changes in Gamma-Irradiated Fruits Using GC-Based Electronic Nose

Gamma irradiation is widely used as a postharvest technology to enhance food safety and extend shelf life; however, its effects on aroma-related volatile compounds remain an important quality concern. This study investigated changes in the volatile composition of five fruits (blueberry, green kiwi, ruby-red kiwi, guava, and lemon) following low-dose gamma irradiation (0, 0.5, and 1.0 kGy) using a gas chromatography-based electronic nose (GC–E-nose) combined with multivariate analysis. A total of 30 volatile compounds, including aldehydes, alcohols, esters, ketones, sulfur compounds, furans, and terpenes, were identified across all samples. Blueberry exhibited the highest volatile diversity, whereas kiwi varieties showed greater sensitivity to irradiation-induced changes. Irradiation at 0.5 kGy increased the relative abundance of alcohols, esters, and ketones in blueberry, suggesting enhanced aroma complexity. In contrast, green and ruby-red kiwis exhibited progressive reductions in aldehydes, alcohols, and terpenes with increasing irradiation dose. Guava displayed relatively stable volatile profiles, whereas lemon maintained a terpene-dominant profile with slight enhancement at 0.5 kGy. Principal component analysis explained 90.9% of the total variance and demonstrated clear separation among fruit types, indicating distinct volatile responses among fruit matrices. Furthermore, the fruits could be classified into subtropical fruits (blueberry, green kiwi, ruby-red kiwi, and lemon) and tropical fruits (guava). Both within-group and between-group comparisons could help clarify differences in volatile profiles and irradiation responses. Low-dose gamma irradiation (≤1.0 kGy) preserved major aroma-related volatiles in most fruits, supporting its application as a postharvest treatment with minimal impact on aroma quality.

Speaker: Dr Ratchaneeporn Photinam (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Comparative Effects of Gamma Ray and X-ray Irradiation on the Microbiological Safety and Cosmeceutical Characteristics of Thanaka Powder

Thanaka powder (Hesperethusa crenulata Roem.) is an important raw material in the natural cosmeceutical industry due to its skin-protective and antioxidant properties. However, microbial contamination remains a major challenge affecting product safety, quality, and commercial acceptance. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the effects of gamma ray and X-ray irradiation at doses of 5–20 kGy on the microbiological quality and cosmeceutical properties of Thanaka powder. The results demonstrated that irradiation at doses of 5 kGy and above effectively reduced microbial populations to undetectable levels, thereby complying with product safety standards. Although slight dose-dependent color changes were observed following irradiation, these alterations did not adversely affect the visual quality of the product. The major bioactive compounds, including arbutin and marmesin, remained stable after irradiation treatment. Likewise, tyrosinase inhibitory activity, sun protection factor (SPF), total phenolic content, and antioxidant activities showed no statistically significant changes after irradiation.
These findings indicate that both gamma ray and X-ray irradiation are effective non-thermal technologies for enhancing the microbiological safety of Thanaka powder while preserving its biological activity and cosmeceutical quality. Furthermore, X-ray irradiation demonstrates strong potential as a practical alternative to conventional gamma irradiation for future applications in the herbal cosmetic industry.

Speaker: sirilak chookaew (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

3:05 PM Comparative Efficiency of Various Ionizing Radiations and Air Thermal at 100°C for Microbial Reduction in Curcuma longa L. (Turmeric) and Andrographis paniculata Powders

One of the obstacles to the industrialization of Thai herbal products is microbial contamination that exceeds regulatory requirements. To increase microbiological safety, conventional air thermal sterilization which is frequently utilized by SME producers—often proves insufficient to reduce the microbial load. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the decontaminating effectiveness of thermal treatment by air at 100°C compared with ionizing radiation—gamma ray, X-ray, and electron beam. The decimal reduction value (D10) of the natural microflora present in the products was used as the parameter to evaluate the efficiency. The results showed that the D10 values for gamma ray, X-ray, and electron beam for Andrographis paniculata powder were comparable at 2.78, 2.79 and 2.59 kGy, respectively whereas thermal treatment required 15.48 hours. Similarly, for Curcuma longa powder, the radiation D10 values ranged from 1.41, 1.49 and 1.93 kGy, respectively while thermal treatment required 17.76 hours to reduce 1 log cycle. As a result, irradiation demonstrated substantially higher efficiency than thermal processing. Using air thermal treatment required approximately 15–18 hours to achieve a 1-log reduction, and up to 3–4 days to reach a 5-log reduction for highly contaminated materials (10⁶ CFU/g), which may adversely affect physical properties and color. In contrast, all types of radiation require shorter processing times to achieve equivalent microbial reductions and product quantities. This study shows the potential of ionizing radiation as a practical and effective alternative method for microbial reduction in herbal powders and it is better than the conventional air thermal process.

Speaker: Mr Thanapon Yooyen

3:05 PM Design of a High-Current DC Power Supply Using a 12-Phase Thyristor Converter with Digital Phase Control for Driving the Toroidal Field (TF) Coils of Thailand Tokamak-1

Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1), the first tokamak in Thailand and Southeast Asia, was constructed using the HT-6M tokamak donated by ASIPP, China. To enhance TT-1's plasma confinement, its toroidal magnetic field must be upgraded from the original 1–1.5 Tesla and 100 ms flat-top duration to provide a longer flat-top.
This work details a high-current DC power supply for the Toroidal Field (TF) coils to ensure a stable, controllable direct current, delivering a robust 7.6 kA for over 200 milliseconds. We propose a 12-phase thyristor converter topology featuring two cascaded 3-phase bridge converters powered by a 6.6 kV, 50 Hz AC supply. This configuration produces 0-52 VDC with ±0.5% constant current accuracy.
A high-speed digital Phase-Locked Loop (PLL) circuit minimizes DC imbalance in the Interphase Reactor (IPR). Automatic constant current control is maintained via a proportional-integral (PI) feedback circuit utilizing a DC Current Transducer (DCCT) at 5 Hz for the initial 100 A development phase. Scaling toward the 7.6 kA capacity, this work addresses key engineering challenges, including quench detection, thermal management, bus bar design, grid integration, and cooling system development. Simulation results validate the design, confirming the system meets all expected performance parameters.

Speaker: Mr Niti Dokruk (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Determination of the Plasma Position in TT-1 Using an Approximate Solution to the Grad-Shafranov Equation

Precise measurement of plasma position and structural boundaries is essential for tokamak operation and diagnostic analysis. The objective of this investigation is to determine the radial displacement and magnetic axis position of the plasma in the Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1). In this work, we employ the Solov'ev analytical solution to the Grad-Shafranov equation, alongside measurement data from flux loops and Mirnov coils, to determine the plasma displacement of TT-1. Experimental results suggest that this methodology effectively tracks dynamic plasma displacement with high precision. Furthermore, the calculated displacements are consistent with optical imaging methods, while the magnetic approach is significantly less computationally intensive and remains robust against optical interference. The computational efficiency and rapid processing capabilities of this algorithm make it suitable for integration into a real-time feedback control system.

Speaker: Mr Pornchai Srisuk (King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand)

3:05 PM Development of a Data Processing System for Plasma Parameter Estimation in TT-1

Experimental campaigns on the Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1) produce a large amount of diagnostic data, including plasma current, loop voltage, magnetic field measurements, and interferometer signals. Although these measurements provide important information about tokamak operation, plasma performance is more effectively assessed through physics parameters derived from the raw engineering signals. In this work, an automated analysis framework was developed to reconstruct key plasma parameters and enable campaign-scale evaluation of TT-1 discharges. The framework incorporates signal preprocessing, plasma discharge identification, and parameter reconstruction using routinely available diagnostics. From the measured signals, important plasma quantities such as electron density, electron temperature, ohmic heating power, pulse duration, and safety factors are estimated and stored in a unified database for further analysis. The automated workflow reduces manual processing effort and provides a consistent approach for analyzing large numbers of discharges. The framework was applied to a recent TT-1 experimental campaign consisting of several hundred discharge attempts. Statistical distributions, parameter correlations, and discharge quality metrics were investigated to evaluate overall campaign performance. Representative discharges were also selected to demonstrate the capability of the framework in reconstructing plasma behavior from engineering measurements. The results show that automated processing of diagnostic data can provide an efficient tool for routine campaign assessment and performance monitoring. In addition to supporting experimental analysis, the resulting database provides a foundation for future studies of plasma performance, operational optimization, and data-driven analysis of TT-1 experiments.

Speaker: Mr Kasidit PIEKBUT (Prince of Songkla University)

3:05 PM Development of an On-site Calibration System for Radiation Monitoring Stations in Thailand

Thailand’s radiation monitoring network plays a critical role in public safety, environmental protection, and nuclear regulatory control. However, fixed radiation monitoring stations equipped with permanently installed detectors cannot be transported to standard calibration laboratories, which limits metrological traceability for field measurements. This study aims to develop a portable on-site gamma irradiation system for the calibration of environmental radiation monitoring instruments. The system was designed using a Cesium-137 (Cs-137) source with an activity of approximately 15 MBq (406 µCi), together with a portable collimator and a lightweight source-positioning structure designed for field use. The system was designed with emphasis on portability, operational convenience, and measurement reliability for on-site calibration applications. Calibration was performed with an ionization chamber, Model TN32002, with a calibration factor of Nk =25070 Gy/C, traceable to the Primary Standard Dosimetry Laboratory (PSDL) of the Office of Atoms for Peace, to establish the reference dose rate range of the Cs-137 source. The detector position was adjusted in combination with attenuators to determine the minimum and maximum dose rate values for use as reference standards. The minimum dose rate was measured at a distance of 50 cm. with a 10 mm. attenuator, resulting in a value of 2.23 µSv/h, whereas the maximum dose rate was measured at 30 cm with the source in the open position, resulting in a value of 17.5 µSv/h. Consequently, the reference standard dose rate range of 2.23–17.5 µSv/h was established and used for calibrating the national radiation monitoring stations.

Speaker: Ms Leeda Mitrayon (National Institute of Nuclear and Radiation Reference Standards Laboratory, Regulatory Technical Support Division, Office of Atoms for Peace, Thailand)

3:05 PM Dose Distribution of the Co-60 Irradiation Model GR420 Using Red Perspex Dosimeter Compared with Monte Carlo Simulation

The Cobalt-60 irradiation facility (GR420) is widely utilized for calibration services and research in radiation processing. Accurate determination of dose distribution within the sample chamber is essential to ensure quality control and the reliability of dosimetric applications. This study investigates the dose distribution inside the GR420 irradiator using Red Perspex dosimeter and compares the results with Monte Carlo simulation. The sample chamber is cylindrical, with a diameter of 17 cm and a height of 20 cm. A total of 12 dosimeters were positioned within an expanded polyethylene (EPE) foam holder at radial distances of 4.0, 5.0, and 7.5 cm from the center, and at heights of 0, 7, and 15 cm, using a cylindrical acrylic phantom. Irradiation was performed at a target dose of 10 kGy. Following irradiation, the Red Perspex dosimeters were analyzed via optical density measurements and converted to absorbed dose using a previously established calibration curve over the dose range of 5–50 kGy ($R^2$ = 0.9991). The results indicate that the dose distribution within the sample chamber varies from 0.86 to 1.15 relative to the central reference position across all measured radial and axial locations. This variation highlights the importance of sample positioning and size considerations for accurate dosimetric application in radiation processing. Further work will involve Monte Carlo simulation to validate the experimental results and to support a comprehensive evaluation of dose distribution and associated uncertainties.

Speaker: Dr Aungsumalin Intang (National Institute of Nuclear and Radiation Reference Standards Laboratory, Regulatory Technical Support Division, Office of Atoms for Peace)

3:05 PM EDXRF-Based Multi-Elemental Fingerprinting of Thai Coffee for Roast-Resilient Provenance Authentication

Verifying geographical origin is a critical challenge for the Thai specialty coffee industry, as traditional biochemical markers are often altered during roasting. This study evaluates the stability of multi-elemental signatures, determined via Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF), as resilient provenance indicators across the roasting spectrum (green to dark). Coffee samples from 31 distinct Thai regions, spanning diverse geologies and both Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora species, were analyzed to assess inorganic chemical persistence.
A supervised machine learning framework was employed to assess whether elemental profiles retain sufficient provenance information after roasting, while unsupervised multivariate analysis examined the underlying data structure. The results demonstrate that soil-derived inorganic fingerprints remain highly informative across all roasting stages. While linear dimensionality reduction methods showed significant overlap between regions, non-linear machine learning effectively recovered provenance-relevant patterns from the full elemental profiles. Key mineral markers associated with local lithology were consistently retained, confirming that the coffee bean preserves a measurable geogenic "soil-to-cup" signature resistant to thermal processing.
These findings establish EDXRF-based profiling combined with advanced chemometrics as a robust, roasting-resilient approach for Geographical Indication (GI) protection in Thailand. This work provides a scalable analytical framework for traceability and quality assurance within the Thai coffee sector, offering a high-throughput alternative to traditional methods that depend on heat-sensitive organic markers.

Speaker: Dr Roppon Picha (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

3:05 PM Effect of gamma irradiation on antioxidant activity of Wolffia globosa

Wolffia globosa (W. globosa), a member of the Lemnaceae family, is the smallest flowering plant in the world. It floats on still water without roots and is widely consumed in northern and northeastern Thailand. This aquatic vegetable is rich in protein, minerals, vitamins, dietary fiber, and antioxidants. However, its application in the food industry remains limited. For instance, the dried form is not widely accepted due to unfavorable sensory characteristics. Therefore, extracting and encapsulating its bioactive compounds could broaden its applications in food products and enhance its potential health benefits for consumers. In this study, we evaluated the effects of gamma irradiation at different doses (100, 300, 500, and 1000 Gy) on total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and DPPH radical scavenging activity of W. globosa. The results indicated that gamma irradiation enhanced TPC, TFC, and DPPH radical scavenging activity, with the 1000 Gy treatment yielding the highest values.

Speaker: Dr Porramain Porjai (Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi,)

3:05 PM Effects of Gamma Radiation on Microbial Load and Physicochemical Properties of Roasted Spiced Minced Fish

This study investigated the irradiation effects on microbial load and physicochemical properties of roasted spiced minced fish. Gamma rays were applied at doses of 2, 4, 6, and 8 kGy to the samples. The results indicated that total microbial counts and yeast and mold counts decreased with increasing irradiation dose. At the dose of 4 kGy, gamma irradiation reduced microbial contamination to below 10 CFU/g. Color analysis indicated that irradiated samples had a significantly lower lightness (L) value than non-irradiated ones. On the other hand, there were no significant differences between non-irradiated and irradiated samples in a and b* values. Chemical analysis indicated that lipid oxidation increased with higher doses of radiation. Moreover, 12 volatiles with characteristic odor profiles from non-irradiated and irradiated samples were detected using an electronic nose. However, gamma irradiation did not influence these dominant volatile compounds but increased their intensity, resulting in irradiated samples having higher odor intensity than non-irradiated ones. In conclusion, the microbial contamination of roasted spiced minced fish samples could be significantly reduced by gamma irradiation. Nevertheless, high irradiation doses may cause some undesirable changes in color, lipid oxidation, and odor.

Speaker: Mr Surasak Sajjabut (TINT)

3:05 PM Effects of Industrial-Scale Gamma and X‑Ray Irradiation on Dose Distribution and Quality of Durian

This study examined the effects of industrial-scale irradiation on durian fruit for phytosanitary control, establishing that a minimum target dose of 400 Gy was required to comply with phytosanitary standards. Dose distribution maps were assessed using a gamma irradiator (Carrier-type, JS 8900 IR 155) and an X ray system operating at 2 MeV from a 50 kW electron accelerator (Mevex Corporation, Canada). Monthong durians irradiated with gamma rays received absorbed doses ranging from 445 Gy to 740 Gy, with a dose uniformity ratio of 1.58. For X ray irradiation, the absorbed doses ranged from 457 Gy to 771 Gy, with a dose uniformity ratio of 1.688. After irradiation, the researchers investigated the effects of radiation on quality attributes of durian. Chemical composition analyses revealed no significant differences between gamma ray, X-ray and non-irradiated samples in terms of total sugar (18.15±0.61–18.79±0.55 g/100g), moisture content (60.68±1.07–61.89±1.36 g/100g), total dietary fiber (6.82±0.36–6.97±0.35 g/100g), and total fat (2.40±0.44–2.46±0.17 g/100g). Sensory evaluation using the triangle test with 99 panelists confirmed no significant differences at the 99% confidence level. These findings demonstrate that both gamma-ray and X ray irradiation at industrial scale can be applied for phytosanitary purposes without adversely affecting the chemical composition or sensory quality of durian.

Speaker: Ms Jaruratana Eamsiri (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Effects of X-ray Irradiation on the Microbiological and Chemical Properties of Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) Powder

This study examined the effects on X-ray irradiation of microbiological and chemical characteristics of Fingerroot (Boesenbergia rotunda) powder. The objective was to evaluate the ability of X-ray irradiation on decontamination capacity against microorganisms including total viable count, yeast and mold, and Clostridium perfringens as well as effects on color value, antioxidant activity and pinostrobin content. Fingerroot powder samples were irradiated at doses of 5, 10, 15 and 20 kGy. The results showed that, initial populations of total viable count, yeasts and molds and C. perfringens of non-irradiated samples were 1.1 × 10⁵, 2.2 × 10² and 1.0 × 10² CFU/g, respectively, which exceeded the limits specified by the Thai Community Product Standards. X-ray irradiation at 5 kGy effectively decreased all microbial counts to below 10 CFU/g. In terms of chemical properties, samples irradiated at 20 kGy showed significantly greater the radical scavenging activity and total phenolic content, around 17% and 20%, respectively than the non-irradiated sample. However, irradiation treatment had no significant effects on color values, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and pinostrobin content of the Fingerroot powder. These findings demonstrate that X-ray irradiation at 5 kGy is sufficient for microbial decontamination of Fingerroot powder without causing deterioration of its principal bioactive compounds.

Speaker: Ms Wachiraporn Pewlong (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Efficient Radioactive Cesium-137 Removal from Wastewater Using Cassava Rhizome-Based Activated Carbon/Copper Hexacyanoferrate Composite Beads

The contamination of wastewater with radioactive cesium-137 (Cs-137) poses a significant environmental challenge due to its long half-life, high solubility, and associated risks to human health and ecosystems. In this study, bio-based activated carbon derived from cassava rhizomes (CRAC) was combined with copper hexacyanoferrate (CuHCF) and fabricated into alginate composite beads for efficient Cs-137 removal. CuHCF is well known for its high selectivity and strong ion-exchange affinity toward cesium ions. The alginate bead form improved adsorbent stability, mechanical strength, handling, and recovery while preventing the release of fine particles. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted using actual radioactive wastewater containing 1,000 Bq/L of Cs-137. The CRAC/CuHCF composite beads achieved a maximum removal efficiency of approximately 97%, demonstrating excellent performance. This high efficiency is attributed to the synergistic interaction between the porous structure of CRAC, providing abundant adsorption sites, and the selective ion-exchange properties of CuHCF. These results highlight the potential of CRAC/CuHCF composite beads as a sustainable, effective, and environmentally friendly adsorbent for practical applications in radioactive wastewater treatment and environmental remediation.

Speaker: SUDARAT ISSARAPANACHEEWIN (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Electron Beam Irradiation for Preservation of Dried Yellow Stripe Scad (Selaroides leptolepis) with Optimized Dose and Enhanced Microbiological Safety

Dried yellow stripe scad (Selaroides leptolepis) is a high-value Vietnamese seafood export commodity; however, its susceptibility to microbial contamination, mold, and insect infestation poses significant challenges to product quality and food safety compliance in international markets. This study investigates the application of electron beam (E-beam) irradiation as an advanced preservation technology to extend the shelf life and enhance the microbiological safety of dried yellow stripe scad for export. Samples were irradiated using a 10 MeV linear electron accelerator (LINAC) at doses ranging from 0 to 15 kGy at certified irradiation facilities in Vietnam. The effects of varying irradiation doses on sensory attributes (color via Lab* colorimetry), physicochemical properties, and key microbiological indicators — including E. coli, Salmonella spp., Coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, yeasts, molds, and total plate count — were systematically evaluated. Monte Carlo simulations using MCNP6 or EGSnrc were employed to model the absorbed dose distribution within the product and optimize irradiation parameters. Results are expected to identify the optimal E-beam dose that effectively eliminates pathogenic microorganisms while preserving sensory and nutritional quality. Based on these findings, a standardized E-beam irradiation protocol — encompassing sample preparation, optimal dose selection, equipment operation, and post-irradiation quality control — will be proposed. This research provides a scientific foundation for applying E-beam technology to dried seafood preservation in Vietnam, contributing to improved export competitiveness and consumer safety.

Speaker: Dr Sy Minh Tuan Hoang (Thu Dau Mot University)

3:05 PM Heavy metal analysis and health risk assessment via consumption of Thai honey

This study aimed to determine the concentrations of heavy metals, including Copper (Cu), Arsenic (As), Cadmium (Cd), and Lead (Pb) in Thai honey samples using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Sample preparation was conducted via closed-vessel microwave digestion, followed by appropriate dilution. The analytical method was validated by spiking standard solution into honey samples (n=3), yielding recoveries in the range of 96.0-100.4%, which fall within the established acceptance criteria of 80–110%. Calibration curves exhibited excellent linearity (R2 > 0.9997) across the investigated ranges. The limits of detection (LODs) for Cu, As, Cd, and Pb were 0.00017, 0.00059, 0.000088, and 0.0039 mg/kg, respectively. The precision of the method was less than 10%. Application of this method to some honey samples confirmed its reliability and suitability for the routine monitoring of heavy metal contamination in Thai honey products. Moreover, health risk assessment was also investigated.

Speaker: Dr Chunyapuk Kukusamude (Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), 9/9 Moo 7, Saimoon, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok 26120)

3:05 PM Identification of C3 Plant-Derived Sweeteners in Thai Pure Honey Using Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

The detection of added sweeteners is a paramount challenge for the authentication of pure honey in Thailand. Currently, the industry lacks a standardized, universal method for sweetener determination, making it difficult to protect the market from food fraud. Previous research conducted by the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) utilized Stable Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis (SCIRA) to effectively distinguish between honey and additives from $\text{C}_{4}$ plants, such as cane sugar. However, a significant gap remains: inexpensive sweeteners derived from $\text{C}_{3}$ plants, such as glucose and high-fructose syrups, share similar isotopic signatures with honey. This makes traditional isotope analysis insufficient for detecting $\text{C}_{3}$-based adulteration.

This study investigates the efficacy of Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR) coupled with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy in bridging this gap. While the broader IR spectrum from 3400 to 500 $\text{cm}^{-1}$ provides a comprehensive view of the honey’s molecular structure, this research highlights a specific diagnostic window. Experimental data suggests that the infrared spectral range between 1200 and 850 $\text{cm}^{-1}$ is particularly sensitive to the carbohydrate shifts caused by added $\text{C}_{3}$ sugars. By analyzing pure honey samples alongside those spiked with varying concentrations of $\text{C}_{3}$ and $\text{C}_{4}$ sweeteners, this work aims to establish a high-precision spectral fingerprint. This technique offers a faster, non-destructive, and reliable solution for ensuring the purity of Thai honey in a global market.

Speaker: Ms Siwaporn Aimploysri (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Nakhon Nayok, Thailand)

3:05 PM Identification of Gamma Irradiation-Tolerant Thai Rice and Associated Metabolomic Markers for Space Agriculture

Radiation exposure is a concerning issue throughout the space agriculture pipeline, affecting seed transport, crop establishment, and plant cultivation. Gamma irradiation is simplified terrestrial model used to study effects of cosmic radiation. Here, we subjected eight Thai rice cultivars seeds to 50, 150, 300, and 900 Gy dose of gamma irradiation. All cultivars retained more than 90% germination rate across all doses, whereas shoot and root elongation exhibited clear dose-dependent inhibition. Based on relative growth maintenance, cultivar 248HT was selected for in-depth analysis.
Untargeted metabolomics revealed that metabolic profile in shoot tissues was shifted toward DNA repairing, antioxidant systems, and maintaining growth. While root tissues prioritized oxidative stress management and growth restriction. These patterns are consistent with a dose-dependent decrease in gibberellic acid (GA₃) and increase in abscisic acid (ABA), with higher changes in roots. Here, we identified the gamma-tolerant rice cultivar, 248HT as a promising candidate for space agriculture and provides metabolomic markers for selecting or engineering radiation-resilient rice varieties.

Speaker: Tanasap Nithimethachoke (Plant Biology & Astrobotany Laboratory, School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand)

3:05 PM Impact of Electron Beam Irradiation on Microbial Reduction, GABA Content and Volatile Compounds of Instant Germinated Brown Rice Powders

This study investigated the effects of electron beam (EB) irradiation (2, 4, and 6 kGy at energy of 10 MeV) on the microbiological quality, bioactive compounds, and flavor profiles of two instant germinated brown rice (GBR) beverages: a germinated colored rice blend with cereals and herbs, and germinated Jasmine brown rice. Results showed that 2 kGy reduced microbial contamination to standard limits, while 4 kGy achieved complete sterilization. EB irradiation (2–6 kGy) did not significantly affect gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) content, total phenolic content, or DPPH radical scavenging activity; however, a dose-dependent decrease in ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) was observed. Colorimetric analysis (Hunter L, a, b) revealed that the colored rice blend instant remained stable across all doses, whereas 6 kGy irradiation significantly altered L and a values in the Jasmine GBR instant. Electronic nose analysis indicated distinct flavor modifications in both formulations. Specifically, irradiated Jasmine GBR showed significant increases in volatile compounds such as ethanol, propane-2-one, and hexanol, peaking at the 6 kGy dose. In contrast, the colored rice blend instant treated at doses of 2–4 kGy exhibited significantly higher levels of methyl hexadecanoate, a compound associated with desirable fermented-like flavor characteristics.

Speaker: Ms Panchalee Prakhongsil (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Initial Study on Irradiation-Induced Effects in Wood Impregnation Using Neutron Imaging

Neutron imaging is a non-destructive testing technique used to inspect the internal structures of materials. The variation in brightness within neutron images allows for the evaluation of neutron attenuation within a sample. This research investigates the neutron attenuation in wood samples before and after impregnation with a monomer solution, followed by gamma and electron beam irradiation. The study was conducted using the neutron imaging facility at the Thai Research Reactor-1/Modification 1 (TRR-1/M1). Pinewood samples with dimensions of 2 × 5 × 0.5 cm were prepared and imaged to obtain initial data. Subsequently, the samples were impregnated with hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) monomer and irradiated with gamma rays and electron beams at doses of 5, 10, and 25 kGy to investigate the influence of radiation types and dose levels on radiation-induced polymerization. Post-treatment neutron images were then acquired to compare the attenuation coefficients. Preliminary results indicate that as the radiation dose increased, both the wood density and neutron attenuation increased accordingly. Specifically, wood samples treated with monomer impregnation and gamma irradiation exhibited a significant increase in their neutron attenuation. The findings demonstrate that neutron imaging is an effective tool for evaluating the efficiency of impregnation methods for the conservation of wooden archaeological artifacts without damaging the samples.

Speaker: Dr Sarinrat Wonglee (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Measurement of 232Th, 238U and 40K in soil samples from paddy fields in Nakhon Si Thammarat province using gamma-ray spectrometry and estimation of the possible radiation exposure

This study aimed to measure the naturally occurring radionuclides 232Th, 238U and 40K in soil samples and to evaluate the radiological hazards of human exposure. A high-purity germanium (HPGe) gamma-ray spectrometer was used to determine the specific activities of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in 21 soil samples collected from paddy field in Nakhon Si Thammarat province. The results showed that the mean specific activities of 238U, 232Th, and 40K in the studied soil samples were 83.29, 121.09, and 424.93 Bq.kg-1, respectively. The maximum specific activities of 238U and 40K were found in Phra Phrom district while the maximum specific activity of 232Th was found in Hua Sai district. Additionally, the possible radiation exposure, the values of radium equivalent activity (Raeq), the external hazard index (Hex), the absorbed gamma dose rate (D), the annual effective dose (AED), and the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) were also calculated. The obtained values in this studied areas were less than the recommended safe levels (less than 1) except in Phara Phrom district.

Speaker: Dr Supalak Kongsri (Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Morphology and Physiology Responses of Fimbristylis complanata Under Gamma Radiation

Cosmic rays are among the harshest factors in the space environment. In this study, gamma irradiation was used as a simplified model to investigate their effects. Gamma rays are high energy electromagnetic waves capable of damaging genetic material. Plants are essential for long term space missions because they provide critical resources such as food, water, and oxygen. Fimbristylis complanata, a species naturally tolerant to extreme conditions including salinity and high temperature, was selected as a candidate for testing. Plants were exposed to gamma radiation at doses ranging from 0 Gy to 1200 Gy and subsequently cultivated under normal conditions. Physiological and morphological responses were assessed, including survival, leaf number, growth rate, leaf dimensions, and reproductive development such as flower stalk production. Results showed that F. complanata survived exposure up to 600 Gy. However, increasing radiation levels led to reductions in growth rate, leaf production, and leaf size, demonstrating a clear dose dependent effect. At doses above 600 Gy, survival declined sharply, limiting further development. Despite these reductions, the ability of F. complanata to withstand high radiation while maintaining reproductive capacity highlights its potential for space agriculture. This resilience suggests that the species could serve as a pioneer plant for extraterrestrial environments, contributing to biomass accumulation, soil development, and ecosystem establishment. In conclusion, F. complanata demonstrates promising tolerance to radiation stress and may play a role in supporting human colonization on other planets.

Speaker: Krittadhee Sooksaksun (Plant Biology & Astrobotany Laboratory, School of Bioinnovation and Bio-Based Product Intelligence, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand)

3:05 PM Next-Gen Trichoderma: Gamma-Irradiated Mutants Revolutionizing Biocontrol Potential

Plant pathogens present a serious threat to food security and global agriculture. Overuse of chemical fungicides harms ecosystems and increases disease resistance. This necessitates the use of sustainable alternatives such as biocontrol agents. Among fungal control agents, Trichoderma spp. has emerged as a viable disease management for decades to counter this problem. The purpose of this research was to improve the biocontrol efficiency of native Trichoderma asperellum by performing physical mutagenesis using gamma irradiation. Trichoderma asperellum was isolated from soil samples in Kedah, Selangor, and Johor, Malaysia and molecularly validated using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequencing. Spore suspensions of $10^8$ CFU/mL were subjected to Cesium-137 ($^{137}$Cs) gamma irradiation using Biobeam GM 8000 (Gamma Service Medical GmbH, Germany) at doses ranging from 150 Gy, 300 Gy, 400 Gy, 500 Gy and 1 kGy. Based on the findings, the effect of irradiation via lethal dose LD$_{50}$ on T. asperellum JTS24 and T. asperellum PTJ4 were 381 Gy and 451 Gy respectively. Selected mutants with enhanced growth rates Ta_NM3 recorded 6.37 cm/72 hrs which bring 1.23-fold higher than its wildtype. The biocontrol capacity of these mutants against Fusarium oxysporum TR4 (FOC TR4) was assessed in vitro dual culture which assessed direct mycelial antagonism. Mutant strains Ta_NM1, Ta_NM3 and Ta_NM7 demonstrated the strongest inhibitory effects, achieving 100% suppression of pathogen growth. The findings showed that physical mutagenesis greatly increased direct antifungal activity compared with wild-type controls. This study highlights gamma irradiation as a precise, non-GMO technique for developing high-efficiency bio-fungicides for plant disease management.

Speaker: Dr Asma Aris (Malaysian Nuclear Agency)

3:05 PM Plasma Operation Status of Thailand Tokamak-1 during January–March 2026

Thailand Tokamak-1 (TT-1) is Thailand's first tokamak, located at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization). The device has a major radius of 0.65 m, minor radius of 0.2 m, and a maximum toroidal field of 1.5 T, with ohmic heating as the sole heating method. The first experimental campaign focuses on plasma current and discharge duration under unboronized wall conditions, using glow discharge conditioning (GDC) as the only wall preparation technique. This report covers TT-1 operational statistics and plasma performance from January to March 2026, documenting discharge outcomes shot-by-shot, evaluating plasma reliability, and identifying operational trends and limiting factors from unboronized wall conditions. During the quarter, 414 shots were executed with a 97% plasma formation rate; 286 were good discharges, 115 failed, and 13 (3%) produced no plasma. Plasma current peaked at 83.3 kA with a campaign average of 48.8 kA. The longest discharge reached 74.4 ms against an average of 21.4 ms, and the peak current ramp-up slope was 6,704 kA/s. Maximum coil values were 1.245 T (toroidal field), 17.8 kA (ohmic heating coil), and 2.4 kA (vertical field coil). A clear daily conditioning effect was observed: plasma quality improved after 1–2 hours of operation and continued rising during full-day sessions. Early discharges progressively reduced impurity influx and outgassing, improving discharge reproducibility consistent with GDC-only conditioning without boronization. These results establish a baseline for the second campaign, which will introduce boronization to assess its effect on plasma performance.

Speaker: Mr Apisit Dang-iad (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

3:05 PM Potential of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) for Phytoremediation of 137Cs and Heavy Metals in Electric Arc Furnace Dust-Contaminated Soil

Electric arc furnace dust (EAFD), a by-product of the steelmaking industry, contains heavy metals and may be contaminated with radioactive cesium-137 (137Cs), posing potential environmental and ecological risks. This study evaluated the phytoremediation potential of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) grown in soils amended with 137Cs-bearing EAFD at application rates of 0, 5, 10, and 20 g per 40 g of growth medium, corresponding to 0, 24.89, 50.16, and 109.23 Bq/g, respectively. Germination performance, including mean germination time (MGT), germination index (GI), and seedling growth, was assessed using one-way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Increasing EAFD loading significantly delayed germination and inhibited early plant growth. Mineralogical changes and elemental uptake were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) after 10, 20, and 60 days of cultivation. Gamma spectrometric analysis demonstrated time-dependent accumulation of 137Cs in sunflower tissues, while ICP-OES results revealed substantial uptake of Fe and Zn. After 60 days, the highest 137Cs removal efficiency reached 62.22%. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of cesium-bearing and metal oxide phases in both soil and plant samples. These results demonstrate that H. annuus possesses considerable potential for the simultaneous phytoextraction of radioactive cesium and heavy metals from contaminated soils, offering a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable remediation strategy.

Speaker: Ms PUTTARAKSA NAKSENA (Nuclear Safety Technology and Radioactive Waste Management Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

3:05 PM Resolving Ambiguous Intermediate Results in PSL Screening: A Comparative Study of Matrix Effects in Complex Food Samples

Photostimulated Luminescence (PSL) is a rapid screening method for irradiated foods, yet intermediate readings between 700 and 5,000 photon counts present classification challenges due to ambiguous standard guidelines. To resolve this, a two-step validation protocol combining density separation and radiation sensitivity analysis was developed. First, density separation successfully eliminated matrix interferences, shifting the ambiguous intermediate readings down to the negative control threshold (< 700 counts). Second, radiation sensitivity analysis was executed to evaluate sample authenticity by measuring PSL signals at baseline ($T_{1}$) and post-irradiation ($T_{2}$ ) across a 0.5–10.0 kGy range.
Statistical evaluation confirmed a highly significant, dose-dependent response (p < 0.05) in verified non-irradiated samples. The luminescence signal enhancement was quantified by comparative $T_{2}$ /$T_{1}$ ratios, which yielded values of 8.8 at 0.5 kGy, 9.0 at 1.0 kGy, 18.8 at 3.0 kGy, and 23.4 at 10.0 kGy. Implementing this targeted protocol significantly decreased ambiguous and false-negative rates, effectively eliminating the repetitive re-testing loop required by standard guidelines. Targeted, product-specific validation protocols allow for precise interference identification, ensuring compliance and operational efficiency in analyzing food matrices.

Speaker: Mr Nopporn Yimchalam (Nuclear Technology Service Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

4:20 PM → 5:30 PM Plenary Session III: Physics & Engineering

4:20 PM From Plasma Physics to Engineered Systems: Medical Innovation and Tokamak Conceptual Design in Thailand

Plasma physics has increasingly evolved from laboratory research into practical engineered systems with real-world applications. This presentation highlights two plasma technology pathways in Thailand: plasma healthcare innovation through the Nightingale medical platform and conceptual tokamak reactor design for future fusion energy development. The first part presents the development of the “Nightingale” compact air plasma jet for chronic wound healing by InnoPlasCM Co., Ltd. The project has advanced from plasma research into a certified medical device integrated with “Nightingale Plus,” an AI-enabled mobile application for quantitative wound analysis and treatment management. The platform combines plasma treatment hardware, image-processing algorithms, cloud infrastructure, and mobile healthcare technologies into a unified clinical engineering system. Recent progress includes AI-based wound analysis, quantitative wound measurement, and pilot implementation in Thai hospitals. The second part presents ongoing research at the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) on the conceptual design of Tokamak. The study employs FreeGS and TokaMaker numerical tools for Grad–Shafranov equilibrium analysis, magnetic configuration studies, and ITER-inspired tokamak design workflows. Recent progress includes D-shaped plasma equilibrium development, coil configuration studies, mesh and topology design, and baseline configurations for future engineering-phase development. Together, these projects demonstrate how plasma physics can be translated into engineered systems addressing both present-day healthcare challenges and future sustainable energy technologies, while strengthening Thailand’s long-term capability in advanced plasma science and engineering.

Speaker: Dr Apiwat Wijaikhum (EGAT)

4:45 PM Developing an Accelerator Technology Platform for Medical and Industrial Applications in Indonesia

Accelerator technology plays an increasingly important role in supporting healthcare, industrial innovation, and advanced scientific applications. In Indonesia, accelerator-based systems, including cyclotrons, linear accelerator, and electron beam technologies, offer significant opportunities for radioisotope production, radiopharmaceutical development, industrial irradiation, material testing, and security inspection systems. However, national development remains challenged by fragmented infrastructure, limited stakeholder integration, and reliance on imported technologies. To address these challenges, the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), through the Research Center for Accelerator Technology (PRTA), is developing an integrated Accelerator Technology Platform for Medical and Industrial Applications. The platform is designed as a collaborative ecosystem connecting research institutions, healthcare sectors, industries, universities, regulators, and international partners to support end-to-end accelerator technology development and utilization. The platform integrates key infrastructures, including the DECY-13 cyclotron for radioisotope and radiopharmaceutical research, the planned SCARLA-30 cyclotron facility, electron beam accelerators for industrial and food irradiation, and accelerator-based systems for material testing and non-intrusive inspection. Human resource development, nuclear knowledge management, and international collaboration are also emphasized to strengthen long-term sustainability and technology readiness. The proposed platform is expected to enhance national technological capability, support medical isotope self-reliance, improve industrial competitiveness, and accelerate innovation through collaborative utilization of accelerator technology. Furthermore, it may serve as a scalable model for accelerator-based development in emerging countries.

Speaker: Dr Muhammad Rifai (BRIN)

5:00 PM 60-MSPS coherent-state measurement of cherenkov photon responses with contravariance diagnostics for astronomical neutrino detection

High-energy neutrino detectors infer neutrino-induced events through Cherenkov photon responses produced by charged secondary particles. Under realistic readout conditions, these responses may be partially observed because of photodetector saturation, deadtime, buffering delay, missing channels, timing offsets, or finite digitization. Conventional fixed-window coincidence treats missing responses as absent signals, breaking correlated event structure even when the underlying event remains coherent. This work presents a 60-MSPS coherent-state measurement framework for Cherenkov photon responses under partial observation in high-energy neutrino detectors. The study uses simulation-generated Cherenkov response data as the controllable analysis source, with KM3NeT and IceCube public information used as high-energy neutrino detector context rather than raw waveform input. A representative readout model is parameterized from optical-module instrumentation using 60-MSPS, 12-bit digitization and microsecond-scale waveform windows. Channel responses are transformed into continuity-preserving effective observables, temporally aligned, and aggregated into a coherent event-state using energy- or covariance-based functionals. A practical contribution is operational contravariance diagnostics: an inverse-response condition in which true event coherence increases with modulation level, while reconstructed coherence decreases because detector visibility is reduced and reconstruction penalty increases. In a reduced numerical validation, modulation from 0 to 3 increases Ctrue from 1.00 to 3.40, while live fraction decreases from 0.833 to 0.167 and Crec decreases from 0.833 to -0.333. The proposed framework is compared conceptually with binary gated observation and fixed-window coincidence using coherence retention, reconstruction error, live fraction, recovery time, and contravariance index.

Speaker: Mr Thammarat Yawisit (King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang)

5:15 PM Estimation of Group Constants for One and Two Group Diffusion Equations Based on Monte Carlo Simulations

While Monte Carlo simulation codes like OpenMC provide high accuracy for nuclear reactor core analysis, they demand extensive computational resources and processing time. One- and two-group neutron diffusion theories offer a computationally efficient alternative for educational and basic research purposes, provided that group constants are accurately estimated. This study is aimed to develop a high-efficiency C-language program to simulate one- and two-group neutron distribution. The methodology begins by simulating the neutron flux profile of a homogeneous spherical reactor core with a 2 MeV point source using OpenMC. The generated data is then curve-fitted to the analytical solutions of the diffusion equations to extract the essential group constants. Preliminary analysis of the two-group model for the 2 MeV neutrons from a point source in the liquid water demonstrates the highly accurate estimations for the fast neutron group, achieving the percentage differences of only 0.001% for the removal cross-section and 0.02% for the diffusion coefficient compared to OpenMC data. For the thermal group, the estimations show minimum percentage differences of 12.34% for the absorption cross-section and 2.43% for the diffusion coefficient. The neutron flux distribution accuracy and computational processing time of the developed program are evaluated by comparing them against OpenMC results. The anticipated outcome is a highly efficient simulation tool that significantly reduces computational burden, clarifying the capabilities of reduced-energy group diffusion theories and serving as a practical prototype for nuclear engineering education.

Speaker: Ms Paramee Thammasuwan (Department of Nuclear Engineering, Chulalongkorn University)

6:30 PM → 8:00 PM Reception Dinner

Tue, July 14

8:30 AM → 9:25 AM Plenary Session IV: Food & Agriculture

8:30 AM Radiobiology for Space Farming: Pathways for Thailand in Space Exploration

Thailand has recently joined international lunar and Mars exploration programs, aiming to leverage national expertise in life sciences and agriculture to contribute to humanity’s long‑term mission in space. Plant species and cultivars exhibit diverse responses and tolerance levels to ionizing radiation, a critical factor for sustaining biological systems beyond Earth. In collaboration with the China National Space Administration (CNSA), Geo‑Informatics and Space Technology Development Agency (GISTDA), and the Thailand Rice Department, Thai rice varieties were launched aboard the CNSA Shijian‑19 mission to investigate radiation tolerance using multi‑omics approaches. This mission provided valuable insights into the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying rice resilience under space conditions.

Following the completion of the mission, further radiobiology studies were initiated in partnership with the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) to identify radiation‑resistant Thai rice cultivars suitable for long‑duration space exploration. These efforts aim to establish foundational knowledge for developing crops that can thrive under extraterrestrial stress environments, ensuring food security and bioregenerative life support for astronauts. Beyond rice, our team has expanded investigations to include thermotolerant species within the Cyperaceae family, examining their combined heat and radiation tolerance to assess their potential for space utilization.

This integrated research highlights Thailand’s commitment to advancing space biology and agriculture, positioning national expertise within global exploration frameworks. By combining radiation biology, thermotolerance studies, and multi‑omics analysis, we seek to identify resilient plant systems that can support sustainable human presence on the Moon, Mars, and beyond.

Speaker: Dr Tatpong Tulyananda (Mahidol University)

8:55 AM TINT Plant Mutation Breeding Training

Although plant mutation breeding using radiation in Thailand began more than 70 years ago, in 1955, Dr G.K. Middleton, a rice expert who worked with the Thai Rice Department, sent rice seeds to be irradiated with Neutron rays and X-rays in the United States. Later, Thai researchers began using this technique in 1965, when the Department of Agriculture irradiated rice seeds with gamma rays, and finally rice mutant varieties with increased disease resistance and higher yields were selected. However, plant mutation breeding techniques using radiation in Thailand are still limited. Recognizing the importance of this technology, the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology has conducted four training courses over the past five years at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (2021, 2025), the Queen Sirikit Botanic Garden in Chiang Mai (2023), and Prince of Songkhla University, Phuket Campus (2024). Each training session attracted 40-60 participants, including agricultural academics, entrepreneurs, farmers, students, etc.
Plant breeding using radiation is a method of improving and developing plant varieties by inducing genetic changes, thereby generating induced mutations. This increases diversity and improves the important traits, such as disease resistance, tolerance to various environmental conditions, and higher yield. Radiation used to induce mutations in plants includes gamma rays, neutrons, or electron beams, which can be applied to various parts of the plant, such as seeds, cuttings, buds, runners, or plants in tissue culture bottles.

Speaker: Mr Vichai Puripunyavanich (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

9:10 AM Gamma Irradiation-Induced Responses in Seedlings of Three Thai Sticky Rice Varieties (NKL 1-1, RGDU 1-4, RGDU 2-1): Implications for Mutation Breeding

Gamma irradiation is widely used as an effective tool for mutation breeding to improve desirable traits in rice. This study aimed to evaluate the radiosensitivity of three Thai sticky rice varieties, namely NKL 1-1, RGDU 1-4, and RGDU 2-1, at the seedling stage. Seeds were exposed to gamma radiation at doses ranging from 0 to 1000 Gy, and survival rate as well as growth performance were assessed at 14 days after irradiation. The results revealed differential responses among the three rice varieties. The LD₅₀ values of NKL 1-1, RGDU 1-4, and RGDU 2-1 were 327 Gy, 312 Gy, and 371 Gy, respectively. Meanwhile, the GR₅₀ values were 436 Gy, 583 Gy, and 591 Gy, respectively. These findings indicate that RGDU 1-4 exhibited the highest sensitivity in terms of survival, while RGDU 2-1 showed relatively greater tolerance to gamma irradiation. Based on the LD₅₀ and GR₅₀ values, the optimal gamma irradiation doses for mutation induction were estimated to be in the range of 300–400 Gy for NKL 1-1 and RGDU 1-4, and 350–450 Gy for RGDU 2-1. These dose ranges are considered suitable for generating genetic variability while maintaining adequate plant survival for further selection.

Speaker: Dr Lamai Maikaeo (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

9:25 AM → 10:20 AM Plenary Session V: Safety & Safeguards

9:25 AM IAEA Support and Activities on Safety of Research Reactors

The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) supports research reactor safety through publications and activities. IAEA Safety Standards Series No. SSR-3 (2016) establishes 90 requirements covering regulatory supervision, management, site evaluation, design, construction, commissioning, operation, utilization, decommissioning, and safety-security interfaces. Eleven specific safety guides were revised and released in 2023. The IAEA provides peer review and advisory missions. Since 1997, more than 100 Integrated Safety Assessment of Research Reactors (INSARR) missions have been conducted. A newer peer review service, Safety Aspects of Long Term Operation (SALTO), has completed four missions in the past three years. Periodic safety review advisory missions are also regularly requested. Additionally, the IAEA organizes technical meetings and capacity-building workshops, including the triennial International Meeting on the Code of Conduct on the Safety of Research Reactors. Two ongoing Coordinated Research Projects (CRPs) investigate computational safety analysis and time-limited ageing analysis, with a third under preparation to explore experiments for fuel and materials testing. Furthermore, the Incident Reporting System for Research Reactors (IRSRR)—part of the Incident Reporting System for Nuclear Installations (IRSNI)—contains a database of lessons learned from more than 200 reactor incidents.

Speaker: Dr Kaichao Sun (IAEA)

9:50 AM Establishment and validation methods of TINT’s beta dosimetry calibration laboratory

Beta radiation has significant applications across a wide range of fields. However, Thailand has lacked a beta dosimetry calibration laboratory. These factors motivated the establishment of a beta secondary standard dosimetry calibration laboratory at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT), where a PTB beta secondary standard 2 (BSS2) has been installed since 2019.
This work presents the methodologies used in the validation measurements of this system to ensure that the system complies with the requirements specified in ISO 6980:2023 for the $^{90}$Sr/$^{90}$Y and $^{85}$Kr standard beta sources. The procedures were improved to suit the limitations and operational conditions of TINT facilities. Custom in-house apparatuses were designed for transmission factor measurements and for evaluating beta-particle and photon contamination to ensure reliable measurements under existing constraints. The subsequent reference beta-particle radiation field exhibits strong compliance with the updated ISO 6980:2023 standard, and several technical challenges were addressed, including analyzing dose profile to achieve radiation fields uniformity greater than 95%. The reference beta-particle absorbed dose rate ($\dot{D}_{\mathrm{R}\beta}$) measurements were compared with the enlisted values in the Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) calibration certificate with a maximum discrepancy of 4.15%, showing accuracy and traceability of the system. The reference beta-particle absorbed dose rates are subsequently used to obtain the quantity $\dot{H}_p(0.07;0^{\circ})$ for the slab phantom and the quantities of $\dot{H}' (0.07;0^{\circ})$. Moreover, the inter-laboratory comparisons with the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) were carried out, yielding appreciable results that demonstrate the laboratory's high proficiency and international equivalence.

Speaker: Ms Supak Jaermsri (Nuclear Technology Service Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

10:05 AM Context-Specific Performance Shaping Factors for Human Reliability Analysis of the TRR-1/M1 TRIGA Research Reactor

This study presents the development of a context-specific Human Reliability Analysis (HRA) framework for the TRR-1/M1 TRIGA research reactor in Thailand, addressing limitations associated with the direct adoption of performance shaping factors (PSFs) derived from commercial nuclear power plants. Building upon the EMpirical data-Based crew Reliability Assessment and Cognitive Error analysis (EMBRACE) method, the research systematically identifies and quantifies PSFs relevant to Thai operational conditions through structured expert elicitation involving reactor operators, regulators, emergency response personnel, researchers, and academic specialists. Ten PSFs encompassing task complexity, stress, human–machine interface, procedures, organizational and personnel factors were evaluated across multiple cognitive activities and human error modes. The results highlight significant variability in expert judgment, underscoring the necessity of statistically defensible methodologies for PSF consolidation and validation. By integrating expert elicitation techniques, reliability analysis, and probability distribution updating, this work establishes a transparent and reproducible foundation for more realistic human error probability estimation. The proposed framework strengthens national capabilities in nuclear safety assessment, supports probabilistic safety assessment and human factors engineering, and provides essential methodological groundwork for the safe deployment of advanced nuclear technologies, including small modular reactors, in Thailand and the broader ASEAN region.

Speaker: Dr Wasin Vechgama (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

10:20 AM → 10:35 AM Coffee break

10:35 AM → 11:30 AM Plenary Session VI: Nuclear Energy Systems

10:35 AM Thailand Fusion Roadmap: the way to sustainable future

Fusion energy is a promising long-term solution for sustainable, secure, and low carbon energy generation. As Thailand moves toward a net-zero future, fusion technology offers not only the potential for clean and abundant electricity generation, but also opportunities to strengthen advanced scientific research capabilities, stimulate high technology industrial spin-offs, and expand international collaboration. This work presents a draft proposal for the Thailand Fusion Technology Roadmap as a strategic framework for developing national capacity in fusion science, engineering, and innovation from 2025 to 2050. Building on existing assets, including Thailand Tokamak-1, the Thailand Linear Device, university research networks, the Center for Plasma and Nuclear Fusion Technology (CPaF), and cooperation with leading international fusion institutions, the roadmap proposes a phased approach: establishing core infrastructure and human resources during 2025-2030; advancing toward an ASEAN Fusion Technology Hub and integrated system prototyping during 2031-2040; and assessing the long term feasibility of fusion energy during 2041-2050. Key technology pillars include advanced fusion materials, advanced diagnostics, high voltage systems and applications, and superconducting magnets, supported by excellence in experimental research, theoretical and computational modelling, AI for fusion research and development, and spin-off applications. The roadmap also emphasizes policy development, the formation of expert consortia, workforce training, public outreach, and industrial participation. By integrating research, infrastructure, education, and international partnerships, Thailand can prepare for the emerging global fusion economy while contributing to the sustainable energy transition. The Roadmap positions fusion technology as both a future clean energy option and a catalyst for innovation driven national development.

Speaker: Dr Boonyarit Chatthong (Prince of Songkla University)

11:00 AM Fusion diagnostics for the power plant era

In this talk, I will give an overview of fusion diagnostics, with a particular focus on the needs of future fusion power plants. I will highlight how these needs differ from those of present-day experimental devices and discuss the associated research gaps. I will then describe A*STAR’s focus on microwave diagnostics and how these techniques can help address some of these challenges. Finally, I will present a new diagnostic that we are developing, together with the synthetic diagnostic capabilities that support its design and interpretation.

Speaker: Dr Valerian Hall-Chen (A Star)

11:15 AM Navigating the Archipelagic Grid: The Philippines’ Roadmap and Strategic Framework for Small Modular Reactor (SMR) Deployment

As newcomer nations accelerate their transition toward clean energy, the Philippines has established an ambitious nuclear energy roadmap under the latest Philippine Energy Plan (PEP) 2023–2050, targeting an initial 1,200 MW of nuclear capacity by 2032 and scaling to 4,800 MW by 2050. Given the country's unique archipelagic geography—characterized by isolated island grids and localized industrial clusters—large-scale conventional baseload plants present distinct grid-instability risks and severe siting constraints. Consequently, Small Modular Reactors (SMRs) have emerged as the nation's primary path forward.
This presentation outlines the strategic framework of the Department of Science and Technology - Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (DOST-PNRI), highlighting empirical insights from the recent NuRAD RTA (Reactor Technology Assessment) Stakeholder Workshop conducted in collaboration with UP Diliman. Featuring critical inputs from key utility players, including the National Power Corporation (NAPOCOR), Department of Energy (DOE), and National Grid Corporation of the Philippines (NGCP), the talk details why grid integration capabilities—such as island-mode operation, black-start provision, and disturbance withstand—are non-negotiable criteria for reactor selection.
Data shows that while large conventional units face protracted 10-year siting timelines, smaller SMR units (~300 MW) can be absorbed by the decentralized grid infrastructure with minimal disruption. By synthesizing high-level policy with concrete utility requirements, this presentation offers a pragmatic, stakeholder-driven blueprint for regional archipelagic nations seeking to safely deploy small-scale nuclear systems.

Speaker: Mr Neil Raymund D. Guillermo (Philippine Nuclear Research Institute)

11:30 AM → 12:00 PM Plenary Session VII: Other Related Topics

11:30 AM Nuclear Technique in Weather Prediction

According to UNDP 2026, Malaysia has share 0.77% of global green house gas emissions, #51, climate vulnerability index ranking and #67, Human development Index ranking. One of the key highlights in the third National Determined Contributions (NDCs) has emphasises strengthening early warning systems and disaster risk management with more structured approach to tracking adaption, progress through national monitoring and reporting.
Therefore, the new approach in monitoring and tracking of monsoon and rainfall phenomenon is discussed. In this case, Beryllium-7 (Be-7) cosmogenic radionuclides is using an indicator for tracking, monitoring and predicting monsoon and rainfall in Malaysia.

Speaker: Dr Muhammad Rawi Mohamed Zin (Malaysia Nuclear Agency)

11:45 AM Color Mechanism of Topaz Before and After Irradiation by High Energy Electron Beam

Topaz (Al$_2$SiO$_4$(F, OH)$_2$), a semi-precious gemstone, is typically colorless. Various enhancement techniques have been applied to improve its quality and commercial value. However, the mechanism responsible for color development in topaz irradiated with a high-energy electron beam has not been clearly explained. Therefore, this research aims to investigate the color mechanisms that occur within the crystal structure of topaz before and after high-energy electron irradiation. The primary analytical techniques employed in this study include Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF), X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS), and UV-Vis-NIR Spectroscopy. The experimental results revealed that irradiated topaz with high-energy electrons at doses of 40 kGy and 56 kGy underwent a similar color change from colorless to brown. EDXRF
measurements indicated that iron (Fe) was the most abundant trace element. UV-Vis-NIR spectra showed no absorption bands before irradiation, whereas the samples showed three absorption bands at approximately 468 nm, 512 nm, and 606 nm after irradiation. After the irradiated samples were heated at 180 °C for 10 min, the color changed from brown to sky blue, with an absorption band at 612 nm. From XAS measurements, the proportions of Fe$^{2+}$ and Fe$^{3+}$ changed before and after electron irradiation, with higher Fe$^{2+}$ content following irradiation. This is due to excess electrons in the crystal structure during electron bombardment, which reduced Fe$^{3+}$ to Fe$^{2+}$. This color change is attributed to the formation of electron color centers within the crystal structure.

Speaker: Dr Wiwat Wongkokua (Kasetsart University)

12:00 PM → 1:00 PM Lunch

1:00 PM → 2:15 PM Poster Session II (ENV/MED/PHY/SAF)

1:00 PM A Comparative Study on Adsorption Efficiency of Fluorescent Dyes by Thai Activated Charcoals for Hydrological Tracing

Dye tracing utilizing activated charcoal as a passive sampler is a highly effective and cost-efficient method for surface and groundwater investigations, providing critical insights into transport processes, flow paths, and velocities. However, the Isotope Hydrology Laboratory currently lacks standardized protocols for such analyses. This study investigates the adsorption behavior of Fluorescein (Uranine) on two types of locally produced activated charcoal: conventional wood charcoal and bamboo charcoal.

Results indicate that bamboo charcoal exhibits a higher concentration of Fluorescein compared to wood charcoal, primarily due to its pronounced adsorption during the first hour. The adsorption rate for both materials then stabilizes by the 6-hour mark. While bamboo charcoal demonstrates superior efficiency in the initial phase, both materials exhibit comparable adsorption rates over time. To obtain more comprehensive insights, future experiments will extend the observation period to 12, 18, and 24 hours to identify saturation points and evaluate the storage capacity of the charcoal. These findings contribute to the development of standardized methodologies for water tracing and provide valuable perspectives on the effectiveness of locally sourced activated charcoal materials.

Speaker: Ms Patchareeya Chanruang (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM A Comparative Study on the Effects of Variations in Distance and Ambient Temperature on the Response Time of Radiation Survey Meters.

This research presents a comprehensive study on the response time of different radiation survey meters under various conditions. The purpose of the study is to evaluate and compare the performance of ionization chamber counters and Geiger–Müller counters when measuring a cesium-137 (Cs-137) radiation source. Both rise time and recovery time were measured and analyzed to understand how detector type, source-to-detector distance, and surrounding temperature influence instrument performance. The measurements were conducted under environmental conditions relevant to practical field work in Southeast Asia, with temperatures ranging from 15°C to 35°C and source-to-detector distances between 0 to 20 cm. The findings show that although the general response trends of the detectors were similar, the actual response times differed significantly depending on detector type. The Geiger–Müller counter showed a noticeably faster rise time than the ionization chamber counter, while the ionization chamber provided more stable readings over a wider measurement range. In addition, recovery time generally increased as the distance from the radiation source increased, and slightly longer recovery times were observed at higher temperatures. These results improve understanding of detector behavior under practical environmental conditions and support the selection of suitable radiation survey meters for safe and accurate radiation protection applications.

Speaker: Mr Dusit Thueman (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM A Compton-Edge Validation Framework for Single and Mixed Isotope Spectra in Low-Resolution PVT Radiation Portal Monitors

Plastic-scintillator radiation portal monitors (RPMs) are central to nuclear-security infrastructure in ASEAN. In most deployed PVT-based RPMs, threat assessment operates in a time–gross-count domain, flagging anomalies from changes in count rate over the vehicle occupancy window while making minimal use of spectral shape. Emerging systems instead aim to apply spectroscopy-style analysis to PVT spectra for radionuclide classification and algorithmic RPM optimization, but this transition is challenging because Compton-dominated spectra are strongly broadened and lack resolvable photopeaks. This work uses Compton-edge structure as a physically interpretable feature to extract usable information from low-resolution RPM spectra and to improve isotope discrimination and radionuclide identification in PVT-based RPMs.
Single- and mixed-isotope datasets are generated using Monte Carlo photon-transport simulations of PVT-based RPM geometries, producing broadened spectra representative of operational conditions. These simulated spectra are then analyzed with a unified Compton-edge validation framework that applies four Compton-edge detection algorithms and compares their candidate edges directly against the corresponding theoretical Compton edges. Single-isotope calibration spectra demonstrate sub‑10 keV mean absolute deviations for standard calibration nuclides, while complex multi-line emitters and mixed-source spectra exhibit larger deviations driven by cascade overlap and spectral interference. Across all scenarios, derivative-based algorithms provide the most reliable local edge positions, whereas the Klein–Nishina–guided method better reproduces the overall Compton continuum, emphasizing global physics consistency at the cost of systematic edge offsets. Together, these behaviors reveal a practical trade-off in low-resolution PVT RPMs between precise edge localization and good agreement with the overall spectral shape.

Speaker: Mr Alim Mardhi (Chulalongkorn University)

1:00 PM A Cost-Effective 3D Paper-Based Platform for the Radiobiological Assessment

Three-dimensional (3D) cell culture is an essential biomedical tool that overcomes traditional 2D monolayer limitations by providing a physiologically relevant environment that accurately reflects in vivo radiobiological responses. However, many existing 3D models are costly and technically demanding, highlighting the need for more accessible, resource-efficient alternatives. This study developed a cost-effective paper-based platform optimized for assessing the radiation response of A549 cells, selected due to the high incidence of lung cancer and the platform's ability to mimic the unique air-liquid interface of the lung environment. Cells were cultured on paraffin-patterned Whatman No.1 paper and maintained on a gel-like medium. This innovative setup significantly reduced operational costs by replacing conventional 96-well culture plates with inexpensive 30-mm Petri dishes during the culture phase, minimizing media usage and MTT reagent volumes through a wash-free workflow. The MTT assay was performed 5 days post-irradiation to ensure accurate assessment of radiation-induced cell death. The platform offers a versatile dual-readout system, allowing cell viability quantification via both cost-effective digital image colorimetry using a flatbed scanner and conventional spectrophotometric analysis. Our results revealed a clear dose-dependent reduction in cell survival. The paper-based platform showed enhanced radiosensitivity, with a surviving fraction of 62% at 8 Gy versus 71% in conventional 2D cultures. While spectrophotometry provided the highest sensitivity closest to the conventional method, image-based analysis proved a reliable alternative that maintained the biological trend. By minimizing media and reagent volumes and utilizing inexpensive culture vessels, this platform achieved over an 80% reduction in total consumable costs compared to conventional 2D assays. This platform demonstrates that miniaturized, wash-free workflows can yield high-quality radiobiological data while offering flexible detection methods and significantly reducing overall costs.

Speaker: Ms Pathcharanan Tuanghirunwimol (College of Interdisciplinary and Integrative Studies, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand)

1:00 PM A Prototype Solar Evaporator for Radioactive Liquid Waste Treatment

This study presents a numerical simulation of a solar evaporator for radioactive liquid waste treatment using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) implemented in ANSYS Fluent. The model was developed to investigate flow behavior and heat transfer characteristics within the system under five outlet air velocity conditions: 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5, and 5.5 m/s. Solar irradiance was defined using the built-in solar radiation model in ANSYS. The accuracy of the CFD model was validated against experimental data, yielding RMSE values ranging from 3.59% to 8.96%, which are within acceptable limits. The results indicate that as the outlet air velocity increases, the air temperature inside the evaporator decreases due to enhanced forced convection. At 1.5 m/s, the air temperature ranged from 32.56 to 39.86°C, decreasing to 33.14–35.88°C at 5.5 m/s, while the water temperature exhibited relatively small variations in all cases, ranging approximately from 27.38 to 40.58°C, suggesting that air velocity has a more significant effect on the internal air conditions than on the water temperature. Furthermore, the simulation results showed that increasing the air velocity helped improve air circulation and promoted the transfer of water vapor within the system. However, when the air velocity was too high, heat loss from the system also increased, which reduced the system’s ability to retain thermal energy. Consequently, the optimal air velocity was found to be 2.5 m/s, yielding a maximum simulated evaporation rate of 0.48 kg/h and a volume reduction efficiency of 53.83%. The findings of this study provide a useful basis for the design and optimization of solar evaporation systems, offering a cost-effective and safe approach for minimizing the volume of radioactive liquid waste management.

Speaker: Mrs THUNYARAS AKHARAWUTCHAYANON (Nuclear Safety Technology and Radioactive Waste Management Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

1:00 PM A Study on the Differences in Radiation Dose Rates at Close Distances Around X-ray Generators for Safety Assessment

This study examines changes in radiation dose rates at distances from an X-ray generator (GE Sensing & Inspection Technologies, ISOVOLT 320 Titan E), focusing on how small shifts in position affect measurement accuracy. The goal is to improve the reliability of radiation safety assessments in line with international standards. Radiation dose rates were measured using two ionization chamber survey meters (RTI Survey Meter V1, S/N: 25014594, and Ludlum Survey Meter 9DP*, S/N: 25015692) at energy levels of N-40 and N-100. Measurements were performed at 11 positions ranging from 10 to 100 mm from the generator, with an additional reference point at 2500 mm. At each position, 20 readings were recorded.
The results show that dose rates decrease consistently with increasing distance, with an overall reduction of approximately 7–8% over a 100 mm range. Even a 10 mm positional shift produced measurable differences in dose rate. Consistent trends were observed across both survey meters and energy levels, confirming the reproducibility of the measurements. These findings emphasize that even small variations in detector positioning can significantly influence measured dose rates. Therefore, precise control of measurement geometry is essential to improve the accuracy and reliability of radiation safety surveys.

Speaker: Mr Pichaya Khummool (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Advanced Treatment of Real Textile Effluents: Evaluating Electron-Beam Irradiation Effectiveness

The treatment of real dyeing-textile wastewater presents a significant environmental challenge due to its intricate composition and resistance to conventional biological and chemical processes. Wastewater from textile operations varies considerably based on dye types and typically exhibits high chemical oxygen demand (COD), intense coloration, and elevated total solids. This study examined the application of electron-beam (e-beam) irradiation as an advanced oxidation technology for treating actual textile effluents. Wastewater samples collected from dyeing facilities in Thailand were subjected to e-beam doses ranging from 10 to 200 kGy to assess degradation efficiency, color removal, and changes in physicochemical parameters, including pH, conductivity, COD, and total solids.
The results indicated that e-beam irradiation achieved up to 90% color removal, contingent on the applied dose. The treatment resulted in a decrease in pH, indicating increased acidity, while conductivity increased by approximately 14%, suggesting the formation of ionic species during irradiation. However, no significant reduction in COD or total solids was observed. The process effectively decomposes chromophoric compounds without the addition of chemical reagents, primarily through the generation of reactive species such as hydroxyl radicals, which degrade complex dye molecules.
Optimal operating conditions were identified to balance treatment efficiency and energy consumption. Although e-beam irradiation is effective for color removal, it is insufficient as a standalone treatment due to high energy requirements and limited impact on bulk organic load and solids. Therefore, integrating e-beam technology with conventional treatment methods is necessary to achieve efficient and sustainable wastewater treatment.

Speaker: Sasikarn Nuchdang (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Assessment of Non-Targeted Effects of Spatially Fractionated Radiotherapy Using an A549 Human Lung Cancer Cell Model

Spatially fractionated radiotherapy (SFRT) is an emerging radiotherapy strategy that enhances tumor control while sparing normal tissues through heterogeneous dose delivery. Despite increasing clinical application, particularly in grid and lattice radiotherapy, its underlying radiobiological mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study investigated non-targeted responses, including bystander signaling, oxidative stress, and inflammatory activation, in A549 human lung carcinoma cells—a well-established in vitro model relevant to thoracic radiotherapy—following 6 MV X-ray SFRT compared with conventional whole-field irradiation. Cells were irradiated at doses of 0.5, 2, and 5 Gy, representing low, intermediate, and moderately high clinically relevant dose levels for evaluating dose-dependent biological responses. Clonogenic survival assays were performed to assess reproductive cell death. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was quantified using the DCFH-DA assay, while inflammatory responses were evaluated by RT-qPCR analysis of IL-6 and COX-2 gene expression. Irradiated conditioned medium (ICM) transfer experiments were also conducted to examine radiation-induced bystander effects mediated by soluble signaling factors. The results of both irradiation modalities produced dose-dependent reductions in cell survival; however, SFRT consistently resulted in higher surviving fractions than whole-field irradiation. Conditioned medium from SFRT-treated cells significantly altered survival in non-irradiated recipient cells, indicating active non-targeted signaling. SFRT also induced elevated ROS levels and increased IL-6 and COX-2 expression, suggesting activation of oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways. In line with the dose-response trend, higher doses (>5 Gy) may likely reduce survival, though excessive cytotoxicity may obscure bystander effects. These findings underscore the role of non-targeted mechanisms in SFRT for clinical application.

Speaker: Mr Jutipon Chungan (Department of Radiological Technology and Medical Physics, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand)

1:00 PM Chemical Separation of Uranium and Precise Measurement of $^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$ in Marine Fish Samples Using Inductively Coupled Plasma - Tandem Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS)

A chemical separation method was developed for the determination of uranium-235 ($^{235}U$) and uranium-238 ($^{238}U$) isotopes in marine fish samples. Uranium was isolated from the sample using high-pressure microwave acid leaching followed by purification with a 2 cm column of anion exchange resin (UTEVA) to reduce heavy metal components and spectral interferences prior to instrumental analysis. The separation procedure was verified using certified reference materials, including IAEA-385 (sediment matrix) and NIST4358 (ocean shellfish). The validated method was subsequently applied to the determination of $^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$ isotopes in marine fish samples collected from Chonburi Province, Thailand. Accurate and precise $^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$ isotope measurements were performed using inductively coupled plasma-tandem mass spectrometry (ICP-MS/MS). The ICP-MS/MS method employed a reaction cell and sequential quadrupole mass separators to improve sensitivity and minimize polyatomic interferences. Using 15% $O_2$ as collision/reaction gas, $U^{+}$ and $UH^{+}$ were converted to $UO^{+}$, allowing interference-free detection at m/z 267 and 270. Under this mode, the sensitivity was relatively exceeded >$7 \times 10^{4}$ cps of 0.5 ppb of $^{235}U$, indicating higher sensitivity than that obtained under other modes. The precision of $^{235}U$ and $^{238}U$ measurements was evaluated by replicate analysis of an in-house standard and further validated using an IAEA-385. The method showed excellent reproducibility, with relative standard deviations of 3.54% for $^{235}U$ and 6.60% for $^{238}U$. Overall, the developed method is an effective approach for the chemical separation and precise measurements of uranium isotopes in marine fish samples and may support food safety monitoring and environmental radioactivity assessment.

Speaker: Ms Nittima Rungpin (Nuclear Technology Service Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Cold Plasma for Green Synthesis of Antibacterial Silver Nanoparticles

Increasing resistance to antibiotic drugs has driven growing interest in silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as effective alternative antibacterial agents. Conventional AgNP synthesis methods often result in particle agglomeration during storage, thereby compromising long-term antibacterial performance. To overcome this limitation, this work introduces a custom-designed cold plasma jet system, for the point-of-care, green, and chemical-free synthesis of AgNPs. This device generates a beam of partially ionized gas at room temperature, enabling the immediate use of the synthesized nanoparticles. The influences of plasma treatment time, silver nitrate concentration, and capping agent concentration on nanoparticle properties were systematically evaluated. UV-Vis spectrophotometry confirmed the formation of AgNPs as evidenced by a surface plasmon resonance absorption located between 400 and 420 nm. Dynamic light scattering measurements showed that a silver nitrate concentration of 3 mM combined with 10 min of plasma exposure produced the most uniform and well-dispersed AgNPs, with a mean diameter of 17.11 nm. Disc diffusion testing against Staphylococcus aureus exhibited zones of inhibition across all sodium citrate concentrations, with the control disc showing no inhibition. These results demonstrate that cold plasma jet technology is a straightforward, reagent-free, and eco-friendly platform for the on-demand production of AgNPs with strong potential for application in medical infection control.

Speaker: Dr Rawita Morarad (Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public organization))

1:00 PM Combined Exposure to Airborne Particulates and Natural Radiation in Chiang Mai: A Seasonal Field Study toward Lung Cancer Risk Assessment

This study presents an integrated environmental assessment of ambient gamma radiation and airborne particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) in Chiang Mai, Thailand, during non-burning (November 2024) and burning (March 2025) seasons. The aim is to establish baseline data and evaluate seasonal variability relevant to combined exposure risks from radon progeny and fine particulate matter.
A car-borne gamma survey was conducted across nine districts using a scintillation spectrometer, complemented by spot measurements of PM2.5 and PM10 with an Aeroqual Series 500, and ambient dose equivalent rates using a Myrate survey meter. Environmental parameters (CO₂, temperature, humidity) were continuously monitored. In March 2025, additional indoor–outdoor measurements and 24-hour PM2.5 sampling were performed at eight locations.
During the non-burning season, absorbed dose rates ranged from 20 to 127 nGy/h (mean: 46 ± 4 nGy/h). Ambient dose equivalent rates ranged from 0.041 to 0.201 µSv/h. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations ranged from 0.004–0.034 mg/m³ and 0.009–0.110 mg/m³, respectively. In contrast, burning season showed markedly elevated levels, with PM2.5 up to 0.089 mg/m³ and PM10 up to 0.275 mg/m³. Spatial variability was influenced by land use, traffic density, and biomass burning.
Higher gamma dose rates were observed over bare ground than paved surfaces, with pavement correction factors of 1.0–2.0 depending on geology. These findings highlight the importance of surface effects in radiation assessment. This study provides essential baseline data for evaluating combined health impacts of particulate matter and radon exposure, supporting future epidemiological studies in northern Thailand.

Speaker: Dr Chutima Kranrod (Institute of Radiation Emergency Medicine, Hirosaki University)

1:00 PM Consolidation of wooden artifacts using radiation-induced HPMA curing for enhanced stability.

This study focused on the consolidation of wooden artifacts using radiation-induced curing of 2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate (HPMA) at radiation doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 25 kGy. The properties of the treated wood were evaluated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle measurements, and a universal testing machine (UTM). The results demonstrate that gamma radiation effectively induces the curing of HPMA within the inner porous structure of the wood. Complete polymerization of HPMA was achieved at a total radiation dose of 25 kGy, resulting in a weight percent gain of approximately 95%. Furthermore, the consolidation process enhanced both the mechanical properties and water repellency of the treated wood samples. This preliminary study demonstrates that radiation-induced consolidation is an effective method for preserving wooden artifacts and improving their physical and chemical stability.

Speaker: Ms Pattra Lertsarawut (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Design and Monte Carlo Optimization of an Electron/X-ray Irradiation Station at the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) for Dose Uniformity

A 6 MeV electron beam linear accelerator has been developed and is operated by the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI) in Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. The system is designed for a maximum energy of 6 MeV and an average pulse current of 300 mA, with the capability to generate bremsstrahlung X-rays via a tungsten converter. While the facility and hardware are owned by SLRI, the Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT) provides specialized Quality Control (QC) and product dosimetry to support food irradiation and medical device sterilization, in accordance with internationally recognized guidelines for industrial radiation processing and dosimetry, as outlined in the IAEA Manual of Good Practice for Industrial Irradiation Facilities (IAEA TRS-481, 2015) and IAEA Dosimetry for Food Irradiation (IAEA TRS-409, 2002). The primary objective of this collaboration is to ensure that the absorbed dose (expressed in Gray) meets customer requirements with high precision. To define the optimized dose for various products, TINT employs Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations to characterize the electron beam profile, the percentage depth dose (PDD) curve, and the bremsstrahlung X-ray energy spectrum. These calculations are used to determine the appropriate irradiation parameters for specific products, including optimal positioning relative to the beam exit and the necessary conveyor translation speeds to achieve dose uniformity. A parametric study across varying product sizes and densities, for both single and double sided irradiation configurations, is conducted to ensure that the Dose Uniformity Ratio (DUR) remains within acceptable limits. The simulation results will be validated experimentally using alanine/EPR pellets and radiochromic film dosimeters traceable to a primary standards laboratory. This work establishes a standardized QC and dosimetry framework for the SLRI 6 MeV facility, providing a rigorous methodology for industrial irradiation services.

Speaker: Mr Ekkachai Kongmon (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Design and Optimization of a Portable Electrostatic Precipitator for Efficient Removal of PM2.5 and PM10 from Combustion Smoke

This study designed and optimized a portable wire-to-cylinder electrostatic precipitator (ESP) for removing PM2.5 and PM10 from combustion smoke generated by incense and rice straw. The ESP unit featured four grounded cylindrical electrodes (35 mm diameter, 133 mm length) with central 2.4 mm tungsten discharge rods. DC voltages of 10.0–15.5 kV were applied to generate corona discharges for particle charging and migration. Multiphysics simulations using ElmerFEM for electrostatics and OpenFOAM for fluid dynamics predicted precipitator performance, while physical experiments validated the prototype (500 × 300 × 600 mm) at 0.89 m/s air velocity. Real-time data were recorded via a PMS7003 sensor and Arduino R4, and particle morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Collection efficiency increased with voltage, peaking at 15.5 kV, corresponding to a simulated maximum electric field strength ($E_{max}$) of approximately 14.9 kV/cm. Under idealized simulation conditions, predicted efficiencies reached 99.31% for PM2.5 and 99.97% for PM10. In experimental trials, incense smoke efficiencies stabilized at 80–86% for PM2.5 and 95–97% for PM10 over 60 min. Conversely, rice straw smoke efficiencies rose continuously, reaching approximately 99% for both particle sizes at 60 min. The discrepancies between numerical predictions and experimental data highlight real-world factors like particle loading and re-entrainment. These findings demonstrate that the developed ESP effectively mitigates fine particulate emissions, offering a validated solution for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and biomass combustion control.

Speaker: Phalakorn Khwansungnoen (Nuclear Technology Research and Development Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Ongkharak, Nakhon Nayok, 26120, Thailand)

1:00 PM Development of an Indoor Positioning System for Personnel Tracking and Radiation Safety Enhancement in a Synchrotron Radiation Facility

The safe operation of synchrotron radiation facilities requires effective control of personnel access and accurate assessment of occupational radiation exposure in controlled areas. Conventional radiation protection programs rely primarily on personal dosimeters and area radiation monitoring systems; however, these approaches provide limited information regarding the spatial distribution of personnel within the facility and their proximity to radiation sources during operation.

This work presents the development and implementation of an Indoor Positioning System (IPS) for real-time personnel tracking in the experimental hall of the Synchrotron Light Research Institute (SLRI), Thailand. The system utilizes Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology, consisting of wearable tags, fixed anchors, gateways, and a centralized monitoring platform. The UWB-based positioning technique provides sub-meter localization accuracy, enabling continuous tracking of personnel movements within beamline and experimental areas.

The IPS was integrated with the facility’s radiation area monitoring system to correlate personnel location data with ambient dose rate measurements. This integration enables estimation of location-dependent radiation exposure, supports access control management, and enhances situational awareness during routine operation and emergency response. The system also provides historical movement records that can be used for safety investigations and optimization of radiation protection practices.

Preliminary deployment demonstrated reliable real-time tracking performance throughout the experimental hall and showed the potential for improving radiation safety management beyond conventional dosimetry methods. The developed system represents an innovative approach to strengthening radiation protection programs in accelerator-based research facilities and may be adapted for use in other nuclear and radiation-related installations.

Speaker: Dr Somchai Tancharakorn (SLRI)

1:00 PM Development of Measurement Technique for Radon Exhalation from the Natural Latex Bedding Products for Regulation Objectives

The Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP), the regulator of radiation and nuclear energy of Thailand for safety of users, people and environment according to international standards and obligations. Monitoring consumer products containing radioactive materials is one of the important tasks of OAP to ensure that using of such items are safe from radiation impact. Pillow and mattress made of natural latex for exporting have been targeted since recently it was found radioactive contamination in exported bedding products made of natural latex which later proved that from adding of monazite in manufacturing process. To monitor radon exhalation and investigate its baseline of natural latex bedding in local market, inhouse method using RAD7 and 0.65 m3 stainless steel chamber has been developed by Radioactivity Monitoring Group, OAP. The method was evaluated using 85 pillow samples and 12 mattress samples collected from the local market. Results of exhalation rate of radon from natural latex bedding range and average are 98 ± 30 – 610 ± 284 and 353 ± 14mBq m-2h-1. Annual effective dose of radon inhalation calculated using exhalation rates and results range and average are 27 – 188 and 67 µSv y-1. These findings indicate that the developed technique is suitable for analysis of radon exhalation of pillow and mattress products and perhaps other consumer products. Results of this work could be considered for baseline of radon exhalation from bedding produced in Thailand. Moreover, it also enhances confidence of public and imported countries on safety of using natural latex bedding manufactured in Thailand.

Speaker: Thawatchai Itthipoonthanakorn (Office of Atoms for Peace)

1:00 PM Digital Educational Media for Sustainable Nuclear Medicine: Enhancing Radiation Protection and Patient Understanding in I-131 Therapy

Radioactive iodine (I-131) therapy is a cornerstone in the management of differentiated thyroid cancer; however, its effectiveness relies heavily on patient understanding, adherence to radiation protection measures, and appropriate post-therapy self-care. Inadequate knowledge may lead to suboptimal treatment outcomes and unnecessary radiation exposure to caregivers and the public. This study aimed to develop and evaluate digital educational media, including animation videos and infographics, to improve patient knowledge and promote safe practices in nuclear medicine. A pre–post study was conducted with 102 participants, including patients undergoing I-131 therapy and their caregivers, using a structured questionnaire administered before and after exposure to the educational materials. Knowledge scores increased significantly from 3.62 ± 1.80 (pre-test) to 9.95 ± 0.22 (post-test) (p < 0.001), demonstrating a strong educational effect. Participants also reported high satisfaction in terms of clarity, ease of understanding, and visual engagement, along with substantial improvements in confidence related to treatment preparation and radiation safety practices. The integration of animation and infographic formats supported diverse learning preferences and facilitated the communication of complex radiation-related information. These findings suggest that digital educational media can enhance patient adherence to recommended practices and contribute to improved radiation protection in clinical settings. From a sustainability perspective, this approach offers a scalable and resource-efficient solution by reducing reliance on printed materials and minimizing repeated in-person instruction. Overall, the integration of digital education into clinical workflows represents a practical strategy to advance patient-centered, safe, and sustainable nuclear medicine.

Speaker: Dr Wanwisa Sudprasert (Department of Applied Radiation and Isotopes, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University)

1:00 PM Dynamic Tracing for Stable Isotope of Pathum Thani 1 Rice (Oryza sativa) under Normal Flooding and AWD Conditions, Approach to Carbon Neutralization.

Stable isotopes of hydrogen (δ ²H), carbon (δ ¹³C), and oxygen (δ ¹⁸O) were used to monitor water and soil conditions in Oryza sativa (Pathum Thani 1; PTT1) during the planting period under two water regimes: continuous flooding (CF) and alternate wetting and drying (AWD). Soil δ¹³C signatures indicated suppressed anaerobic decomposition in AWD: the drier conditions inhibited methanogen growth, reducing methane production compared to CF. Moreover, AWD-grown rice consumed 8.3% less water and developed longer roots compared to CF (52 cm vs 37 cm), enhancing water and nutrient uptake and contributing to drought resilience under climate change scenarios. The study demonstrated that isotope tracing serves as an effective tool for monitoring water use, soil microbial function, and environmental conditions throughout the cultivation cycle. This approach highlights the potential of isotope tracing for verifying carbon and greenhouse gas mitigation in sustainable rice ecosystems.

Speaker: Waleeporn Pongkua (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

1:00 PM Effect of Surfactants on Radiochemical Purity and Syringe Adsorption of 99mTc-Macroaggregated Albumin Cold Kit Formulations

The adsorption of macroaggregated albumin (MAA) particles onto the inner surface of syringes leads to incorrect dosing of 99mTc-MAA radiopharmaceuticals used in lung perfusion scintigraphy. 99mTc-MAA cold kits were modified using different surfactants to minimize syringe adsorption while maintaining radiochemical purity (RCP). Three cold kit formulations were prepared using a fixed composition of aggregated albumin, SnCl2•2H2O, sodium acetate, acetic acid, and hydrochloric acid, differing only in surfactant type: no surfactant (Formula A), human albumin solution (Formula B), and polysorbate 80 (tween 80; Formula C). All formulations were radiolabeled with 99mTc at two activity concentrations (40 mCi/2 mL and 20 mCi/4 mL) and assessed for RCP at 0 and 12 months of storage, along with syringe adsorption testing. All three formulations demonstrated RCP exceeding the pharmacopoeia threshold of ≥90% at both shelf life and activity concentrations. Formula C (Polysorbate 80) consistently yielded the highest RCP values under all conditions (99.91% and 99.98% at month 0; 99.71% and 99.89% at month 12 for 40 mCi/2 mL and 20 mCi/4 mL, respectively), while Formula B (albumin solution) showed the lowest RCP at month 12 (95.51% and 94.25%), suggesting reduced stability during long-term storage. Syringe adsorption testing revealed that Formula A (no surfactant) exhibited the highest adsorption at 2.1%, whereas Formula B and Formula C substantially reduced adsorption to 0.89% and 0.36%, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the addition of Polysorbate 80 as a surfactant effectively minimizes MAA particle adsorption to syringe surfaces while preserving excellent radiochemical stability over 12 months.

Speaker: Mrs Thidarat Kohud (Radioisotope Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Bangkok, Thailand)

1:00 PM Enhancement properties and performance of PBAT/TPS blends by Electron Beam irradiation for packaging application

Electron beam (EB) radiation is a powerful method for modifying polymer properties. In this study, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) and thermoplastic starch (TPS) were used to prepare biodegradable blend, and then modified via EB irradiation. To enhance its performance for packaging applications, crosslinking agents were homogeneously mixed into a PBAT/TPS blend to prepare film specimens. The results indicated that the incorporation of triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC) or trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA) significantly enhanced the crosslinking density of the irradiated films. Specifically, the highest gel fraction of approximately 70% was recorded for the PBAT/TPS/TAIC blend irradiated at 50 kGy. EB radiation-induced crosslinking also improved the tensile strength of the blends, peaking at 20 kGy for the TAIC-containing system, whereas the corresponding elongation at break decreased to 194.95% at 50 kGy. SEM morphology and FT-IR analyses also proved the formation of crosslinking structure in the polymer matrix. Enzymatic degradation tests using lipase and amylase revealed that weight loss increased over time, exceeding 50% after 28 days, suggesting that the blends remain highly degradable. These preliminary results demonstrated that the crosslinking agents significantly increased the crosslinking density in the PBAT/TPS blend by EB irradiation, produced the crosslinking films with enhanced tensile strength and degradability, making them highly promising candidates for eco-friendly packaging. Further studies will be done to validate their performance in practice.

Speaker: Tran Manh Thang (Hanoi Irradiation Center)

1:00 PM Identification of Nitrate Contamination in Shallow Groundwater using Isotope Techniques in an Agriculture Areas (Phatthana Nikhom District, Lop Buri Province)

Shallow groundwater in Phatthana Nikhom District is significantly contaminated by nitrate (NO₃⁻) exceeding drinking water standards due to intensive agricultural and livestock activities. This study investigates nitrate sources and controlling processes in shallow groundwater using stable isotope and hydrochemical analyses. Samples were collected from wells (20–150 m depth) during dry and wet seasons. Nitrate concentrations showed high spatial variability, ranging from below detection limits to 289.1 mg L⁻¹ (December 2021) and 108.1 mg L⁻¹ (September 2022). Temporal variation was statistically significant (t-test, n = 28, p = 0.02). Groundwater with NO₃⁻ > 50 mg L⁻¹ exhibited δ¹⁵N values of +7.12 to +23.36‰ and δ¹⁸O values of +2.50 to +10.48‰, indicating nitrate derived mainly from soil organic nitrogen, with contributions from fertilizers, manure, and septic waste. Limited atmospheric input and possible denitrification were observed. These findings highlight the need for improved nitrogen management in agricultural areas.

Speaker: Dr Kiattipong Kamdee (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology)

1:00 PM Implementation of Radiocarbon Analysis for Determining Bio-based Carbon Content in Fuels: A Pioneering Study in Thailand

Radiocarbon (carbon-14, 14C) analysis is a well-established technique for distinguishing biogenic from fossil carbon. The Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), or TINT, has over two decades of experience in carbon-14 measurement using Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC), originally applied to archaeological and environmental studies. This study extends that capability to determine the bio-based carbon content of liquid fuels in Thailand. The ASTM D6866 method was implemented to quantify renewable carbon fractions in liquid fuel samples, with a focus on Sustainable Aviation Fuel (SAF). The approach is based on measuring 14C activity, which is present in recently derived biomass but absent in fossil fuels. Fuel blends with known biogenic-to-fossil ratios were analyzed to evaluate method performance in terms of accuracy and reliability. The implementation of standardized radiocarbon analysis at TINT provides a practical approach for quantifying biobased carbon content in fuels. Beyond supporting the prevention of mislabeling or inaccurate claims, this method enables reliable differentiation between fossil-derived and renewable carbon fractions. While radiocarbon analysis does not directly quantify greenhouse gas emissions, it provides essential input data that improves the accuracy of carbon accounting and life cycle assessment (LCA) of energy systems. Such analytical verification can support consistency with established sustainability frameworks, including the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA) and national greenhouse gas reporting, by enhancing the traceability and credibility of reported renewable carbon content.

Speaker: Ms Nichtima Uapoonphol (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Investigation of Kanchanaburi Hot Springs by applying Isotope technique to encourage sustainable quality tourism

Low-enthalpy hot springs in Kanchanaburi Province serve as significant attractions for spa and health tourism. As a strategic gateway connecting to the Southern Economic Corridor (SEC), the province anticipates a significant increase in tourism. However, limited understanding of hydrogeological characteristics and flow systems poses a critical challenge to sustainable development and resource management. To address this, the study integrates geological data with stable isotope analysis (18O และ  2H), radioactive tritium (3H), and weekly chemical monitoring from 2024 to 2025. Results indicate that the geothermal systems are structurally controlled by the Three Pagodas and Sri Sawat fault zones, primarily interacting with Ordovician and Permian limestone aquifers, which results in a cacium (Ca2+) and bicarbonate (HCO3-) dominants. Reservoir temperatures, estimated using K-Mg and Silica geothermometers, are consistently below 80°C, aligning with the "Immature water". Stable isotope data suggest that the thermal waters originate from meteoric recharge at higher altitudes, infiltrating through bedrock fractures into deep circulation systems. Tritium concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 0.4 TU provide evidence of mixing between deep thermal water and modern shallow groundwater. Temporal analysis reveals that Lin Thin hot spring exhibits greater thermal and isotopic instability compared to Hin Dat hot spring, attributed to pumping-induced recharge that draws in surrounding surface water. These hydrodynamic insights are crucial for the sustainable management.

Speaker: Dr Monthon Yongprawat (Thailand institute of Nuclear Technology)

1:00 PM Isotope-Based Assessment of Flow Dynamics in the Mekong River, Thailand

Global warming, combined with rapid water infrastructure development in the upper Mekong Basin over the past decade, has altered the natural flow regime of the river. These changes have led to increasing deviations from typical seasonal water levels in the lower reaches, contributing to both flooding and drought in parts of Southeast Asia. The primary objective is to investigate hydrodynamic variability and quantify the relative contribution of local precipitation to the Mekong River using stable isotope analysis. Daily precipitation samples were collected from five stations, ranging from Chiang Rai to Ubon Ratchathani, while weekly surface water samples were obtained from three Mekong River stations; Chiang Saen, Nong Khai, and Khong Chiam, additional samples from six tributary stations were included. In total, approximately 2,500 samples were analyzed. The isotopic results indicate that the Mekong River entering Thailand at Chiang Saen is relatively depleted, reflecting its origin in snowmelt on the Tibetan Plateau and the influence of latitude. Downstream, isotopic compositions become progressively enriched, with values at Ubon Ratchathani approaching those of local precipitation and tributary inputs, particularly during the rainy season. In contrast, tributary rivers exhibit isotopic enrichment during the dry season and depletion during the monsoon season. These observations highlight the evolving contribution of local inputs along the river course and provide a basis for understanding mixing processes between the Mekong mainstream and its tributaries within Thailand. The results also offer useful information for future hydrological assessments and water resource management in the region.

Speaker: Chalermpong Polee (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Machine Learning-Based Efficiency Calibration of an HPGe Detector for Wide-Energy PGNAA Using Symbolic Regression

Accurate full-energy peak efficiency (FEPE) calibration of High-Purity Germanium (HPGe) detectors is fundamental to quantitative Prompt Gamma Neutron Activation Analysis (PGNAA). Conventional polynomial regression in log-log coordinate space is prone to Runge's phenomenon, producing physically inadmissible divergence beyond the calibration domain. This study investigates Symbolic Regression (SR) as a physics-informed machine learning alternative for generating interpretable, analytically stable calibration equations. A 32-point experimental dataset spanning 88.03 keV to 7790.30 keV was assembled at the Dalat Nuclear Research Reactor, combining IAEA-certified radioactive sources with prompt gamma emissions from the ³⁵Cl(n,γ) reaction. The PySR evolutionary framework was applied with a custom Mean Squared Relative Error (MSRE) loss function and Pareto front optimization to autonomously discover a compact FEPE expression. The resulting equation incorporates inverse power-law and exponential attenuation terms that independently reproduce Beer-Lambert attenuation and Compton/pair-production cross-section physics without a priori physical programming. Within the interpolation domain, both the SR model and the 4th-degree polynomial achieved excellent agreement with experimental data; however, the polynomial yielded negative efficiency predictions beyond 12 MeV — a physical impossibility — whereas the SR model maintained a monotonic, physically consistent asymptotic decline up to 15 MeV. These findings establish Symbolic Regression as a superior white-box framework for HPGe calibration in PGNAA, ensuring reliable extrapolation and enhancing the credibility of quantitative multi-elemental analysis at research reactors.

Speaker: Dr Sy Minh Tuan Hoang (Thu Dau Mot University)

1:00 PM Modulation of Proton Beam Depth-Dose Profiles Using a Lexan Range Shifter: A Geant4 Simulation Study

This study aims to investigate the depth-dose profiles of proton beams using Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations and to evaluate the effect of a range shifter on Bragg peak positions. Proton beams with energies of $80.481 \pm 1.15$, $100.225 \pm 1.14$, $149.82 \pm 0.79$, and $200 \pm 0.62$ MeV were simulated. The depth positions of Bragg peaks were compared between in-air conditions and setups using a Lexan (C$_6$H$_{14}$O$_3$) range shifter with a density of $1.20$ g/cm$^3$ and dimensions of $15 \times 15 \times 3.034$ cm. The range shifter was placed in front of and in contact with a water phantom of dimensions $30 \times 30 \times 35$ cm, positioned $42.1$ cm from the particle source. In the simulation, $10^6$ protons were used.
The results show that increasing proton energy shifts the Bragg peak to greater depths. For the open beam configuration, Bragg peaks were observed at $51$, $75.75$, $155.75$, and $257$ mm. In contrast, the use of a Lexan range shifter resulted in shallower Bragg peak positions at $16.25$, $41.25$, $121$, and $222.5$ mm, consistent with proton energy loss within the material. Additionally, the absorbed dose per proton decreased with increasing energy, ranging from $3.6$ to $6.8$ $\mu$Gy per particle for both conditions.
These findings demonstrate that a Lexan range shifter effectively reduces proton penetration depth and can be used to modulate dose deposition in proton therapy applications.

Speaker: Ms Khwanjira Tangpong (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (TINT))

1:00 PM Optimization of 177Lu-FAPI-04 Radiolabeling for Clinical Application in Targeted Radionuclide Therapy

Fibroblast activation protein (FAP) is highly expressed on cancer associated fibroblasts within the tumor microenvironment and plays a crucial role in tumor progression and stromal remodeling. Fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPIs) have therefore attracted considerable interest as targeting ligands for cancer imaging and therapy. Lutetium-177 (177Lu) is a clinically established therapeutic radionuclide with favorable β-particle emission for targeted radionuclide therapy and accompanying γ-emission suitable for imaging and dosimetric assessment. The combination of FAPI based targeting with 177Lu represents a promising theranostic approach for stromal directed cancer treatment. The objective of this study was to optimize the radiolabeling conditions for the preparation of 177Lu-FAPI-04 and to evaluate the impact of key reaction parameters on labeling efficiency. The molar ratio of FAPI-04 to 177Lu, reaction temperature, heating time, and pH were systematically investigated. Optimal radiolabeling was achieved using a 2:1 molar ratio of FAPI-04 to 177Lu with heating at 110 °C for 30 minutes under mildly acidic conditions (pH 4.5–5.0). Under these conditions, radiochemical yield (RCY) and radiochemical purity (RCP) consistently exceeded 95%. In conclusion, this study established optimized radiolabeling conditions for the preparation of 177Lu-FAPI-04 with high radiochemical yield and purity. The developed protocol demonstrated good reproducibility and may support routine radiopharmaceutical preparation.

Speaker: Ms Suppamat Makjan (Radioisotope Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization), Bangkok, Thailand)

1:00 PM PE/PP fibrous adsorbents with bifunctional groups of tertiary amine and phosphate prepared by electron beam induced co-grafting for heavy metal adsorption of both cationic and anionic forms in acidic conditions

A novel fabric adsorbent having bifunctional groups of tertiary amine and phosphate was prepared by co-graft polymerization of 2-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate (NMA) and 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate phosphate (PMA) onto a polyethylene/polypropylene nonwoven fabric (NF) under low-energy electron beam acceleration. The kinetics of radiation-induced graft polymerization at a total dose of 100 kGy was investigated. For pre-irradiation at 100 kGy, optimum condition offering highest degree of grafting was at 12 wt% of NMA, 8 wt% of PMA. The adsorption of anions using hydrogen chromate (HCrO4-) or Cr(VI) and cations using lead (Pb(II)), cadmium (Cd(II)) and copper (Cu(II)) in aqueous solution was carried out. The results demonstrated that the bifunctional adsorbent was able to adsorb both heavy metal anionic and cationic ions from wate. The co-grafted adsorbents were able to adsorb 85% Cr(VI) anion and 29% Pb(II) cations from mixed Cr(VI) and Pb(II) solution at pH 3.0 and 71 % Pb(II), 13 % Cd(II) and 31 % Cu(II) from mixed Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cu(II) solution at pH 5.0. The unique achievement of this study is its hypothesis that a bifunctional adsorbent can be prepared from radiation-induced graft polymerization of two different monomers onto NF, along with proof that the prepared bifunctional adsorbent can actually absorb both cationic or anionic heavy metals forms. The adsorbent’s preparation offers a rapid and straightforward onestep grafting technique. Therefore, the new bifunctional adsorbents can remove heavy metal ions in aqueous solution, either in the cation or anion form, thus offering highly promising applications in industrial wastewater treatment.

Speaker: Dr Yanisa Limsuwan (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Prediction of concrete structure quality of Thai Research Reactor-1 Modification 1 (TRR-1/M1) using rebound hammer test

This study aims to investigate and analyze the performance prediction of the compressive strength of the reactor pool wall of the Thai Research Reactor-1/Modification 1 (TRR-1/M1) using the rebound hammer test. TRR-1/M1 is classified as a TRIGA Mark III research reactor with a maximum thermal power of 2 MW. The reactor pool structure is constructed with high-density concrete, with wall thickness varying according to elevation, reaching a maximum thickness of approximately 1.4 meters. The rebound hammer test, a widely recognized non-destructive testing (NDT) technique, is employed to estimate the compressive strength of concrete. This study is evaluated the strength performance at three specific indicators; top, center and bottom positions of the outside reactor pool wall. At each measurement location, four values of rebound compressive strength are considered, comprising three historical measurements and one newly obtained value. The regression analysis models are used to diagnose the trends of strength performance and potential degradation. The study is demonstrated consistent trends in strength performance across different elevations, with a high degree of correlation among the measured data.

Speaker: Noppawan Rattanadecho (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) (TINT))

1:00 PM Preliminary calculation of dose rate and its correction factors for a graphite cavity chamber in Brachytherapy dosimetry : verification using a Co-60 source

This preliminary study developed a calculation for estimating dose rate using a primary standard ionization chamber in Co-60 and Ir-192 radiation fields. Ir-192 was considered because it is widely used in high-dose-rate brachytherapy, while Co-60 was used for verification due to its stable and well-established dosimetry verification.The calculation included physical constants and correction factors such as ion recombination, stem scattering, wall attenuation and scattering, and air attenuation. Monte Carlo-based correction factors were used for radiation-interaction effects, while experimental factors were applied for chamber response corrections.

For the PS-50 chamber, the wall attenuation and scattering correction factor was approximately 1.016 for Co-60 and 1.023 for Ir-192. The corresponding air attenuation correction factors were 1.1341 and 1.0102, respectively. The recombination, stem scattering, and polarity correction factors were close to unity, indicating small experimental corrections. The calculated dose rate was approximately $1.09×10^{ −2}$ Gy h$^{-1}$ at 1.0 m. Comparison with a reference standard value showed a deviation of approximately 3.5%. The preliminary results indicate that the calculation framework is suitable for organizing correction factors and estimating dose rate. Further validation will include refinement of the uncertainty budget, verification of Monte Carlo correction factors, and comparison with independent calibration data.

Speaker: Mr Pongphanot Rindhatayathon (Ionizing Radiation Metrology Laboratory Division, National Institute of Nuclear and Radiation Reference Standards Laboratory)

1:00 PM Radiation Shielding Polymer Composites for Extreme Environment Applications

The increasing use of ionizing radiation in nuclear energy, medical diagnostics, aerospace, and industrial applications has created strong demand for lightweight, flexible, and high-performance radiation shielding materials. Conventional shielding materials such as lead and concrete provide effective attenuation but suffer from drawbacks including high density, toxicity, poor flexibility, and limited processability. In recent years, polymer-based radiation shielding composites have emerged as promising alternatives due to their low weight, corrosion resistance, tunable chemistry, and ease of fabrication. This work presents recent advances in multifunctional radiation shielding polymer composites designed for attenuation of gamma rays and neutrons. Various high atomic number fillers, including bismuth and rare-earth oxides, are incorporated into polymer matrices to enhance photon attenuation, while hydrogen-rich and boron-containing materials are utilized for neutron moderation and capture. Particular emphasis is placed on multilayered architectures, interfacial engineering, nanofiller dispersion, and hybrid composite strategies that simultaneously improve shielding efficiency, mechanical integrity, and thermal stability. Collectively, these advances demonstrate the strong potential of polymer composites as scalable and multifunctional materials for future radiation protection systems in extreme environments.

Speaker: Dr Ice Tee Si Yin (A Star)

1:00 PM Radiolabeling optimization of 161Tb-PSMA I&T radiopharmaceutical for targeted prostate cancer therapy

Prostate cancer is one of the most frequently diagnosed malignancies in men and remains a major cause of cancer-related mortality, particularly in advanced stages such as metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has become a significant target for radioligand therapy. Beta-emitting radionuclides, including 177Lu, have demonstrated clinical efficacy. Increasing attention is being directed toward alternative radionuclides, such as 161Tb, which possess emission properties that may enhance therapeutic outcomes. In this study, the radiolabeling conditions of 161Tb-PSMA I&T were optimized for targeted prostate cancer therapy. Radiolabeling was performed using 161TbCl₃ and PSMA I&T under controlled conditions, followed by purification and quality assessment with TLC and HPLC techniques. Optimal radiolabeling condition was achieved at 100 °C for 30 minutes, providing an excellent RCY even before purification up to 99% by TLC, indicating efficient complexation of 161Tb with PSMA I&T. After purification, RCP remained consistently high in the range of 97–99%, with minimal levels of free 161Tb and colloidal impurities. The radiopharmaceutical exhibited good stability, maintaining acceptable RCP values for up to
6 days hours with only slight degradation. Variations in the ratio between activity-to-ligand ratio showed no significant impact on product quality, whereas reducing the reaction time to 15 minutes resulted in a significantly decrease in RCP. These results demonstrate that 161Tb-PSMA I&T can be produced with high RCP and stability, supporting its potential for further development in targeted radionuclide therapy of prostate cancer.

Speaker: Dr Takdanai Unjarern

1:00 PM Standardization and Characterization of a Ceric–Cerous Sulfate as a Reference Standard Dosimeter for High-Dose Radiation Dosimetry

The chemical reference standard dosimetry for absorbed dose to water at high dose basis of the Ceric-Cerous dosimeter is the reduction of ceric ions (Ce⁴⁺) to cerous ions (Ce³⁺) in an acidic aqueous solution upon exposure to ionizing radiation. This radiation-induced chemical change is proportional to the absorbed dose and can be quantified using spectrophotometry or potentiometry. Radiation induced ceric ion concentration can be determined using spectrophotometry, which measures the absorbance (in optical density units) of the solution. The latter exhibits a strong absorption peak at λ = 320 nm, whereas Ceric ions do not show any absorption at this wavelength. The ceric-cerous dosimeter response is expressed in terms of its sensitivity to radiation dose of 0.5-50 kGy, known as the radiation chemical yield(G-value), which is defined as the number of moles of cerous ions produced per joule of the energy absorbed in the solution. The accuracy is better than ±3% and stable for several weeks after irradiation when protected from sunlight. The ceric-cerous dosimeter is widely used for high-dose applications, including food irradiation, medical device sterilization and radiation processing dosimetry.

Speaker: Phavinee Choosin (Ionizing Radiation Metrology Section, National Institute of Nuclear and Radiation Reference Standards Laboratory, Office of Atoms for Peace, Bangkok, Thailand)

1:00 PM Using Electronic Licensing Data to Strengthen Regulatory Control of Radioactive Source Import and Export: A Risk-Informed Approach to Radiation Safety and Security

This paper examines how electronic licensing data can support stronger regulatory control of radioactive source import and export in the areas of radiation safety and nuclear security. Using Thailand as an empirical case, the study analyses transaction-level records generated by a digital licensing system for import and export authorization. The dataset includes request and license dates, application status, checking results, license type, transport information, country data, product descriptions, tariff classification, quantity, weight, and related shipment details. The paper proposes a practical regulatory analytics framework for using these records as evidence for regulatory performance and risk-informed oversight. Using a descriptive, indicator-based approach, the study analyses 7,060 import and export license records from 2019 to 2026 covering two authorities involved in the control of radioactive material movements: the Office of Atoms for Peace (OAP) and Thai Customs. The results show a median recorded processing time of 2 minutes within the digital workflow. In addition, 2% of transactions required checking intervention, while 98% contained complete country and shipment fields for traceability assessment. These findings indicate that electronic licensing records can support efficient processing, strengthen visibility over source movements, and help identify cases requiring closer review. In this way, the study aligns with IAEA safety and security principles that emphasize effective regulatory control, traceability, and a risk-informed approach to the movement of radioactive sources. Grounded in the Thai legal and operational context, the paper contributes to wider discussion on how digital administrative records can support regulatory learning, accountability, and cross-border control of hazardous materials.

Speaker: Ms Piyawan Srikongpan (Nuclear and Radiation Database Administration Section, Nuclear and Radiation Licensing Division, Office of Atoms for Peace, Thailand)

1:00 PM Validation of ASTM D6866 Carbon-14 Analysis for Bio-based Carbon Determination in Plastics: Experience from Thailand

As global industries move toward a circular economy, reliable verification of bio-based materials has become increasingly important for both manufacturers and consumers. The Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization) (TINT) has more than 20 years of experience in Carbon-14 analysis for a wide range of environmental samples. Building on this expertise, TINT is currently the first and only laboratory in Thailand providing dedicated Carbon-14 analysis for determining bio-based carbon content in plastic materials. The laboratory operates under an ISO 9001 quality management system and is accredited according to ISO/IEC 17025:2017, ensuring technical competence and traceability of analytical results. This work presents the validation and application of the benzene synthesis method coupled with Liquid Scintillation Counting (LSC) for bio-based carbon determination following ASTM D6866. Method optimization focused on improving measurement efficiency through the Figure of Merit (FOM), with the optimal energy window identified at channels 70–500. Validation results demonstrated satisfactory analytical performance, including bias within 5%, stable z-scores between −2 and +2, and no statistically significant differences among measurement conditions based on ANOVA analysis. These results confirm the method’s precision, reproducibility, and suitability for routine service analysis. The study highlights TINT’s role in supporting Thailand’s sustainable materials sector by providing scientifically reliable verification of bio-based carbon content in plastics, contributing to transparent environmental claims and confidence in green product development.

Speaker: Ms Natthida Bangpradong (Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (Public Organization))

1:00 PM Validation of Narrow-Spectrum X-ray Radiation Qualities According to ISO 4037:2019 Using Half-Value Layer Measurements at OAP Thailand

To ensure reliable and traceable calibration and response determination of radiation protection instruments, the implementation of validated reference radiation is indispensable. Following the update of the ISO 4037 standards, this work establishes a comprehensive narrow-spectrum X-ray series from 10 to 300 kVp in strict accordance with ISO 4037:2019. The experimental measurements were performed using Hopewell Designs X80 and X83 X-ray irradiators, which feature a ceramic tube and a tungsten anode with a 20° target angle. The system integrates several critical subsystems, including a shielded enclosure, an automated filter wheel, a precise shutter and beam collimator system, and a control chamber. Characterization was conducted using A500 and TK-30 ionization chambers to ensure high precision in dose measurement. The methodology focuses on the precise configuration of additional filtration using high-purity materials to achieve the required spectral qualities for each beam code. The radiation beams were rigorously characterized by measuring the first and second half-value layers (1st and 2nd HVL). These measurements were used to calculate the homogeneity coefficient (ℎ), a vital parameter for ensuring beam purity and spectral consistency. The results demonstrate that the deviations between the experimental 1st and 2nd HVL values and the reference values specified in ISO 4037-1:2019. fulfilling the stringent requirements of the updated standard. This study provides a standardized metrological foundation, enhancing the accuracy of radiation monitoring equipment and ensuring robust traceability for future calibration services in radiation protection.

Speaker: Mr Krittayot Koonkana (Office of Atoms for Peace)

2:15 PM → 3:05 PM NSA and YNSA presentation

3:05 PM → 3:45 PM Closing ceremony